SHAFT POSITION SENSING
v Commutation
requirement of the SR motor is very similar to that of a PM brushless motor.
v The shaft
position sensor and decoding logic are very similar and in some cases it is
theoretically possible to use the same shaft position sensor and the same
integrated circuit to decode the position signals and control PWM as well.
v The shaft
position sensors have the disadvantage of the associated cost, space
requirement and possible extra source of failure. Reliable methods are well
established. In position sensors or speed sensors, resolvers or optical
encoders may be used to perform all the functions of providing commutation
signals, speed feedback and position feedback.
v Operation
without position sensor is possible. But to have good starting and running
performance with a wide range of load torque and inertias, sensor is necessary.
v When the SR motor is operated in the 'open-loop‘ mode like a stepper motor in the slewing range, the speed is fixed by the reference frequency in the controller as long as the motor maintains 'step integrity‘. (i.e) stay in synchronism. Therefore like an ac synchronous motor, the switched reluctance motor has truly constant speed characteristics.
This
open-loop control suffers from two dis-advantages.
(a) To ensure
that synchronism is maintained even though the load torque may vary.
(b) To ensure
reliable starting.
v Because
of the large step angle and a lower torque/inertia ratio, the SR motor usually
does not have reliable ‗starting rate‘ of the stepper motor.
v Also some
form of inductance sensing or controlled current modulation (i.e) such as sine
wave modulation may be necessary in the control at low speeds.
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