Reproductive Health: Questions and Answers (Evaluation)

Evaluation

1. Which of the following is correct regarding HIV, hepatitis B, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis?

(a) Gonorrhoea is a STD whereas others are not.

(b) Trichomoniasis is a viral disease whereas others are bacterial.

(c) HIV is a pathogen whereas others are diseases.

(d) Hepatitis B is eradicated completely whereas others are not.

Answer: c) HIV is a pathogen whereas others are diseases.

2. Which one of the following groups includes sexually transmitted diseases caused by bacteria only?

(a) Syphilis, gonorrhoea and candidiasis

(b) Syphilis, chlamydiasis and gonorrhoea

(c) Syphilis, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis

(d) Syphilis, trichomoniasis and pediculosis

Answer: b) Syphilis, chlamydiasis and gonorrhoea

3. Identify the correct statements from the following

(a) Chlamydiasis is a viral disease.

(b) Gonorrhoea is caused by a spirochaete bacterium, Treponema palladium.

(c) The incubation period for syphilis is is 2 to 14 days in males and 7 to 21 days in females.

(d)  Both syphilis and gonorrhoea are easily cured with antibiotics.

Answer: d) Both syphilis and gonorrhoea are easily cured with antibiotics.

4. A contraceptive pill prevents ovulation by

(a) blocking fallopian tube

(b) inhibiting release of FSH and LH

(c) stimulating release of FSH and LH

(d) causing immediate degeneration of released ovum.

Answer: b) inhibiting release of FSH and LH

5. The approach which does not give the defined action of contraceptive is

(a) Hormonal contraceptive - Prevents entry of sperms, prevent ovulation and fertilization

(b) Vasectomy Prevents - spermatogenesis

(c) Barrier method - Prevents fertilization

(d) Intra uterine device - Increases phagocytosis of sperms, suppresses sperm motility and fertilizing capacity of sperms

Answer: b) Vasectomy - Prevents spermatogenesis

6. Read the given statements and select the correct option.

Statement 1: Diaphragms, cervical caps and vaults are made of rubber and are inserted into the female reproductive tract to cover the cervix before coitus.

Statement 2: They are chemical barriers of conception and are reusable.

(a) Both statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.

(b) Both statements 1 and 2 are correct but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.

(c) Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

(d) Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Answer: c) Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

7. Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

Column I:

A. Copper releasing IUD

B. Hormone releasing

C. Non medicated IUD

D. Mini pills

Column II :

(i) LNG-20

(ii) Lippes loop IUD

(iii) Saheli

(iv) Multiload-375 

(a) A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iii)

(b) A-(iv),B-(i), C-(iii),D-(ii)

(c) A-(i), B-(iv),C-(ii), D-(iii)

(d) A-(iv), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iii)

Answer: d) A - (iv), B - (i), C- (ii), D - (iii)

8. Select the incorrect action of hormonal contraceptive pills from the following

(a) Inhibition of spermatogenesis.

(b) Inhibition of ovulation.

(c) Changes in cervical mucus impairing its ability to allow passage and transport of sperms.

(d) Alteration in uterine endometrium to make it unsuitable for implantation.

Answer: a) Inhibition of spermatogenesis

9. What is amniocentesis? Why a statutory ban is imposed on this technique?

Amniocentesis :

• It is a prenatal techique.

• It helps to detect chromosomal abnormality in the foetus.

Reason for the stuatory ban on this technique.

• It is misused to detect the sex of the foetus.

• It creates chance for female foeticide.

10. Select the correct term from the bracket and complete the given branching tree

(Barriers, Lactational amenorrhoea, CuT, Tubectomy)

Answer:

11. Correct the following statements

a) Transfer of an ovum collected from donor into the fallopian tube is called ZIFT.

b) Transfering of an embryo with more than 8 blastomeres into uterus is called GIFT.

c) Multiload 375 is a hormone releasing IUD.

Answer:

a) Transfer an ovum collected from donor into the fallopian Tube - GIFT

b) Transfer of the zygote with more than 8 blastomeres into the fallopian tube - ZEFT

c) Multiload 375 is a copper releasing IUD

12. Which method do you suggest the couple to have a baby, if the male partner fails to inseminate the female or due to very low sperm count in the ejaculate?

• Intra uterine insemination is suggested.

• Semen is collected from the husband or a healthy donor.

• Semen is introduced into the uterus through vagina by a catheter.

• Ovaries are stimulated to produce more ova.

• Sperms swim towards the fallopian tubes and fertilize the egg.

13. Expand the following

a) ZIFT b) ICSI

ZIFT - Zygote intra - fallopian transfer.

ICSI - Intra cytoplasmic sperm Injection

14. What are the strategies to be implemented in India to attain total reproductive health?

Total Reproductive Health.

1) Family Planning programme since 1951

2) Reproductive and child Health care (RCH) programmes.

Major tasks of this programme are

i) Medical assistance to build a healthy society.

ii) Sex education in school about adolescence changes.

iii) Educating couple about birth control and family planning.

iv) Awareness about

- care for pregnant women

- post natal care of mother and child.

- importance of breast feeding.

v) Govermental, non-governmental agencies identify improved, new methods of birth control.

3) Health care programmes are

• Massive child immunization.

• Nutritional food to pregnant women.

• Janani Suraksha Yojana.

• Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram.

• RMCH + A (Integrated approach for reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent Health.

• Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan.

4) Government of India follows PCPNDT Act (Preconception and Prenatal diagnostic technique Act - 1994) to prevent selective abortion.

5) POCSCO (Prevention of children from sexual offences)

6) Prevention of "Sexual harassment at work Place".

7) Recommendations of Justice Verma committee (2013) for safe environment for both female and male.

15. Differentiate foeticide and infanticide.

Foeticide Aborting the female in the mother's womb

Infanticide Killing the female child ater her birth.

16. Describe the major STDs and their symptoms.

17. How are STDs transmitted?

STD are transmitted through

• Sexual contact

• Sharing of infusion needle

• Surgical instruments

• Blood transfusions

• From infected mother to baby.

18. Write the preventive measures of STDs.

Prevention of STD

• Avoid sex with unknown partner, Multiple partner

• Use condoms.

• Consult doctor for diagnosis, get treatment.

19. The procedure of GIFT involves the transfer of female gametes into the fallopain tube, can gametes be transferred to the uterus to achieve the same result? Explain.

Intra uterine Insemination.

• This procedure is used for infertile men with low sperm count

• Semen is collected from the husband or a healthy donor

• Semen is introduced into the uterus through vagina by catheter.

• Sperms swim to fallopian tube to fertilise the egg.

20. Amniocentesis, the foetal sex determination test, is banned in our country, Is it necessary? comment.

Is the ban of Amniocentesis is necessary in our country?

• It is a prenatal technique.

• To detect chromosomal abnormalities of foetus.

• The sex of the foetus is known.

• There may be a chance of female foeticide.

• So amniocentesis is banned in our country.

21. Open Book Assessment

‘Healthy reproduction, legally checked birth control measures and proper family planning programmes are essential for the survival of mankind’ Justify.

• Healthy reproduction is - a state of well being in all aspects of reproduction, so as to make the people contribute to a healthy society.

Importance of sex education:

• Adolescents should be provided right information about reproductive system. Sexual life, pregnancy. Child birth prenatal and post natal care of child and mother, importance of breast feeding problems of infertility and the updated and available techniques to overcome infertility.

Awareness about multivarious types of contraceptive devices.

• To overcome population explosion, the only available solution is birth control. It also help to keep a healthy and happy reproductive life. An ideal contraceptive, with least side effects and low rate of failure, user friendly easily available economical is sought after based on individual's choice under the guidance of the doctor.

• Thus birth control or family planning can help people design their family small and healthy and their reproductive life smooth and happy.

Towards gender equality

• To restrict population growth and to keep small family, the skewed choice of male child over female is done.

• So the prenatal technique such as amniocentesis is misused amidst the statutory ban to do MTP of the female foetus

• So by giving awareness to the school children. Such helpess crimes can be uprooted and the coming society will be Reproductive Healthy, a criteria essential for the survival of mankind