Chapter: Mechanical Engineering : Power Plant Engineering

Pumps

Pumps 1 Classification Of Pumps 2 Reciprocating Pumps 3 Working Of Single Acting Reciprocating Pump 4 Double Acting Reciprocating Pump Air Vessels 1 purpose Of Using An Air Vessel


Pumps

1 Classification Of Pumps

2 Reciprocating Pumps

3 Working Of Single Acting Reciprocating Pump

4 Double Acting Reciprocating Pump


Air Vessels

1 purpose Of Using An Air Vessel




PUMPS

 

         A pump is a machine which is used to raise or transfer the fluids.

 

         It is also used to maintain the constant flow rate or constant pressure.

 

         It is normally driven by a engine or a motor.

 

         Pumps are rated by the horse power.

 

1 CLASSIFICATION OF PUMPS:

 

It is classified into positive displacement pumps and roto dynamic pumps.

 

         In positive displacement pumps, fluid is drawn or forced into a finite space and it is sealed.

 

           It is then forced out and the cycle is repeated.

 

In roto dynamic pumps, centrifugal force is used to move the fluid into a pipe.

 

2 RECIPROCATING PUMPS:

 

         It is a positive displacement pump

 

         It uses a piston and cylinder arrangement with suction and delivery valves integrated with the pump.

 

           It can be single acting and double acting

 

           There may be single or multi cylinders also.

 

         It is a positive displacement pump

 

         It sucks and raises the liquid by actually displacing it with a piston/plunger that executes a reciprocating motion in a closely fitting cylinder.

 

3 WORKING OF SINGLE ACTING RECIPROCATING PUMP:

 

·         During suction stroke the piston moves to the left, causing the inlet valve to open.

 

·         Water is admitted into the cylinder through the inlet valve.

 

·         During the discharge stroke the piston moves to the right closes the suction valve and opens the out let valve.

 

·         Through the outlet valve the volume of liquid moved out of the cylinder.

 

 

4 DOUBLE ACTING RECIPROCATING PUMP WORKING:

 

         Each cycle consists of two strokes.

 

           Both the strokes are effective, hence it is known as double acting pump

 

           Liquid is filled at one end and discharged at other end during forward stroke.

 

           During the return stroke, end of cylinder just emptied is filled and the end just filled is emptied.

 

AIR VESSELS

Air vessel is a closed chamber containing compressed air in the upper part and liquid being pumped in the lower part.


 

 

1PURPOSE OF USING AN AIR VESSEL:

·         To get continuous supply of liquid at a uniform rate.

 

·         To save the power required to drive the pump (By using an air vessel the acceleration and friction heads are considerably reduced)

·         To run the pump at much higher speed without any danger of separation.


 

Advantages of reciprocating pump:


 

         Relatively compact design

 

           High viscosity performance

 

           Ability to handle high differential pressure.

 

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Mechanical Engineering : Power Plant Engineering : Pumps |


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