GAS POWER PLANT
•
A gas power plant uses gas turbine as the prime
mover for generating electricity.
•
It uses natural gas or kerosene or benzene as
fuel.
•
Gas plant can produce only limited amount of the
electricity.
•
Efficiency of the plant is only 35%
•
Generally a gas plant is expensive to operate.
•
Hence it is usually installed with steam power
plant in closed combined cycle.
•
It is generally used in combination with
steam/thermal power plant during peak load
•
When the gas power plant is combined with
thermal/steam power plant efficiency of the plant is up to 60% - 70%
Layout of the Gas turbine Power plant:
Combustion
and generation of electricity:
•
Gas turbine draws clean air into through air
filter from atmosphere, with the help of a compressor.
•
During the compression pressure of the air is
increased.
•
Compressed air is passed through to a combustion
chamber along with fuel (Natural gas).
The air fuel mixture is ignited at high pressure in the
combustion chamber.
•
Combustion takes place.
•
The generated hot gas of compression is passed
through the gas turbine.
•
Hot gases expand, and the turbine blades are
connected to the turbine shaft are rotated.
•
The turbine shaft which is coupled to the shaft of
the electrical generator at the other end also rotates and drives the
electrical generator.
•
A portion of the energy developed by the hot gases
through the gas turbine is used to run the compressor.
•
The residual hot gases from gas turbine are passed
through a heat exchanger (heat recovery steam generator)
•
The heat exchanger produces steam with high
pressure with the help of a steam boiler.
•
The steam is allowed to expand in the steam
turbine.
•
when it passes through the turbine blades, the
turbine shaft is rotated. The shaft is coupled to the generator, which
generates electricity.
•
Gas turbine and steam turbine combination enables
increased power generation.
Transmission and distribution :
•
The generated electricity from both gas and steam
turbines is fed to the step up transformer where its voltage is increased.
• Then
the electricity is conveyed through transmission lines for distribution.
MERITS:
Natural
gas is readily available.
•
Setting up cost can be reduced if the plant is
installed near the source of natural gas.
•
Less gas storage cost
•
Less space occupation.
•
Compared to steam power plant, smaller in size.
•
Low operating cost.
•
Low maintenance cost.
•
No standby losses.
•
Cheaper fuels like natural gas.
Demerits:
• Gas turbine has low thermal efficiency.
• Has starting problem.
• Efficient only in combined cycle configuration.
• Temperature of combustion chamber is too high, which results in shorter life time.
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