Home | | Computer Architecture | I/O Processors

Chapter: Computer Architecture : Memory and I/O Systems

I/O Processors

IO processor is • A specialized processor • Not only loads and stores into memory but also can execute instructions, which are among a set of I/O instructions

I/O PROCESSORS.

IO processor is

A specialized processor

Not only loads and stores into memory but also can execute instructions, which are among a set of I/O instructions

The IOP interfaces to the system and devices

The sequence of events involved in I/O transfers to move or operate the results of an I/O operation into the main memory (using a program for IOP, which is also in main memory)

  Used to address the problem of direct transfer after executing the necessary format conversion or other instructions

  In an IOP-based system, I/O devices can directly access the memory without intervention by the processor

 

IOP instructions

• Instructions help in format conversions─ byte from memory as packed decimals to the output

device for line-printer

• The I/O device data in different format can be transferred to main memory using an IOP

 

Sequence of events when using an I/O Processor

Sequence 1:

 

A DRQ (for IOP request) signal from an IOP device starts the IOP sequence, the IOP signals an interrupt on INTR line this requests attention from the processor

 

Sequence 2:

The processor responds by checking the device’s status via the memory-mapped control registers and issues a command telling the IOP to execute IOP instructions for the transfer to move the formatted data into the memory.

 

Sequence 3:

 

During each successive formatted byte(s) transfer, the device DMAC (DMA controller) logic inside the IOP uses a processor bushold request line, HOLD, distinct from INTR device interrupt request line

 

• The main processor sends to the device a signal from the processor called DACK (distinct from

 

INTA device-interrupt request-acknowledge line)

• The I/O device bus has access to the address and data buses of the memory bus when DACK is activated

 

  It has no access when DACK is not activated when a HOLD request is not accepted by the processor when the processor is using the memory bus

  Once the DMA logic start command has been issued to IOP, the main processor begins working on something else while the I/O device transfers the data into the memory

 

Sequence 4:

 

When the IOP’s DMA transfer as per instructions is complete, the I/O device signals another interrupt (using DRQ) . Lets the main processor know that the DMA is done and it may access the data




Study Material, Lecturing Notes, Assignment, Reference, Wiki description explanation, brief detail
Computer Architecture : Memory and I/O Systems : I/O Processors |


Privacy Policy, Terms and Conditions, DMCA Policy and Compliant

Copyright © 2018-2023 BrainKart.com; All Rights Reserved. Developed by Therithal info, Chennai.