Hyperaldosteronism

Hyperaldosteronism

·        Excess of aldosterone independent of renin-angiotensin system

·        Signs: hypertension, hypokalaemia, alkalosis, Na is normal or slightly raised

·        Causes: >50% due to unilateral adrenocortical adenoma (Conn‟s Syndrome). Other causes include hyperplasia, carcinoma, genetic defect

·        Tests: Test K 3 times on salt replete diet (no diuretics, etc for 4 weeks). If < 3.7 mmol, test for aldosterone or renin. Exclude renal artery stenosis (®­BP and ¯K+), high renin (eg secondary to hepatic failure)

·        Treatment: surgery and/or spironolactone