AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE
An autosomal recessive disease is only
expressed when the affected individual carries two copies of the gene
(described as being homozygous for
the gene) (see Box 7.1).
Individuals who are heterozygous for the gene express a normal phenotype. During
pregnancy, unless a woman has been screened for a particular disease based on
her risk factors (e.g., sickle cell disease or cystic fibrosis), carriers of a
recessive gene will not know they are carriers until they have affected
off-spring. Other examples of autosomal recessive disorders include Tay-Sachs
disease and phenylketonuria.
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