Vitamin C deficiency

Vitamin C deficiency

Definition

Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy, which was first described by Lind in the eighteenth century.

Aetiology/pathophysiology

Occurs in the poor, pregnant or those on a peculiar diet. Young children have a high requirement. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is found in citrus fruits, potatoes, green vegetables and fortified fruit drinks. Vitamin C is involved in the hydroxylation of proline to hydroxyproline necessary for collagen synthesis.

Clinical features

Patients develop listlessness, anorexia, cachexia, gingivitis, loose teeth, petechial haemorrhages and bleeding.

Management

Ascorbic acid supplementation is rapidly effective.