Some Terminologies Terms List of Micro Organisms Infection

SOME TERMINOLOGIES OF MICRO ORGANISMS INFECTION

Pathogens:

Microorganisms, those are capable of producing disease.

Asymptamatic infection:

If the microorganisms fail to cause serious injuries to cells or tissues and patient is symptom free of the particular disease.

Disease:

The pathogens multiply and cause an alteration is normal tissues and manifest with signs and symptoms.

Communicable disease:

If the infectious disease can be transmitted directly from one person to another, it is known as communicable disease or contagious disease.

Disinfection:

It is a process by which pathogenic organisms are killed by physical and chemical agents.

Disinfectant:

It is a chemical substance, which kills the pathogenic microorganisms or organisms capable of giving rise to infection, e.g. Iodine, phenyl, carbolic acid.

Antiseptic:

It is a chemical substance which inhibits the growth of microorganisms and do not kill the organisms (e.g.) dettol.

Detergents:

Detergent increases the cleaning power of water and leaves no film or scum. Some are used only for cleaning without any bacteriocidal action.

Bacteriostasis:

It is a process of inhibiting the growth of bacteria (e.g.) Freezing and drying.

Bacteriocide:

It is a substance, which kills microorganisms.

Sepsis:

It is a term used for the presence of pathogenic organisms.

Inflammation:

The body' s cellular response to injury or infection is inflammation.

Antigen:

Remnents of the micro organisms that trigger the immune response. Antigens are usually composed of proteins.

Antibodies:

Antibodies are large protein molecules. Antibodies are immunoglobulins, which are synthesized and secreted by the plasma cells when an antigen enters the body, to neutralise the antigen.

Types of immunoglobulin lgA. Ig D, Ig E, Ig G and Ig M, The most abundant circulating antibody in lgG.

Sterilisation:

Strelisation is defined as the process by which an article, surface, or medium is free of all microorganisne' sms, either in the vegetative or spore state.

Chemotherapy

It is the treatment of disease by means of chemicals, which are known as chemotherapeutic agents (e.g.) Sulphonamides. Destruction or inhibition of growth of organisms depends upon the concentration of chemotherapeutic agents.

Antibiotics:

These are drugs used to kill the organisms (e.g.) Pencillin.

Local infection:

An infection that is localized within a particular part or a single organ. Proper care controls spread.

Systemic infection:

An infection that affects the entire body. It can become fatal.