Professional
Organisations
Organisations provide a means through which united efforts
are made to elevate standards of nursing education and practice. It also offers
a means of voicing and opinions, developing our abilities and keeping informed
of new trends.
a.The
Indian Nursing Council (INC)
The Indian Nursing Council was authorized by the Indian
Nursing Council Act of 1947. It was established in 1949 to
provide uniform standards in nursing education and reciprocity in nursing
registration throughout the country.
Functions:
It provides uniform standards in nursing education and
reciprocity in nursing registration.
It has authority to prescribe curriculum for nursing
education in all states.
It has authority to recogonise programme of nursing
education or to refuse recognition of a programme if it did not meet the
standards required by the council.
It is registering the foreign nurses.
It also maintains the Indian Nurses Register.
The INC authorises State Nurses Registration Council and
examining boards to issue qualifying certificates.
b.The
International Council of Nurses (ICN)
The International Council of Nurses was founded in
1899 by Mrs. Bedford Fenwick .It is federation of
non-political and self-governing national nurses association.
The ICN is the global voice of nursing.
The main purpose of the ICN is to provide the means through
which the national associations can share their interests in the promotion of
health and care of the sick.
Objectives
of ICN
To promote the development of the strong national nurses
association.
To assist national nurses association to improve the
standards of nursing education and practice.
To assist national nurses association to improve the status
of nurses within their countries.
To serve as the authoritative voice for nurses and nursing
internationally.
Activities
The ICN has published the Code for Nurses
It makes the policy statement on health and social issues.
It also maintains and improves the status of nurses and
standard of nursing around the world.
The council works to improve the nursing education and
practice by publishing the guidelines for National Nurses Association.
The
governing body of the ICN is the Council of National Representatives, which is
made up of the ICN honorary officers and the presidents of the national member
associations.
The ICN publishes the International
Nursing Review and the News Letter,
which give the news of the ICN and the National Member Association.
c).
TamilNadu Nurses and Mid-wives Council
Every professional nurses in the nursing professions, either
here or abroad must be registered with the one of the State Nurses Registration
Councils. The state council functions as an official to control the standards
of the nursing practice
Activities
It registers Nurses/Mid-wives
It serves as legal protections to the nurses
It protects the public from incompetent nursing practices or
poor nursing care.
It accredits and inspects schools of nursing and college of
nursing.
It prescribes the rules of conduct, take disciplinary action
etc.
It takes united efforts to elevate the standards of nursing.
It works for the welfare of the members.
d.World
Health Organization (WHO)
The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the
United Nations. It was organized in 1948 to achieve the highest possible level
of health for all people. More than 150 countries are members of WHO and help
to finance the financial requirement the health care activities around the
world.
The WHO is also active in nursing education and practice in
a number of ways in India:
It has offered guidance in setting up programme of nursing
education
It has promoted training for auxiliary nursing personnel.
The WHO promotes public health in many ways around the
world.
e.The
International Red Cross Society
The International League of Red Cross was formed in 1919 after
World War I. It was closely with national societies during times of national
disasters, providing expertise and conducting seminars to help these societies
to improve their administrations and services.
A super global body made up of the above League and national
societies is the International
Conference of Red Cross's
activities. The body meets once in four years. It supports unity in the work of all of these originations and promotes
governmental support of the Red Cross Activities
f) The
Indian Red Cross Society.
The Indian Red Cross Society was established in 1920, with
major aims of helping others from a neutral point. It gives relief to needy and
suffering people at times of major disasters and in times of wars.
Aims:
Prevention of disease, promotion of health and care of the
sick in any kind of situation.
Functions
Gives financial aid to social welfare institutions.
Operates blood banks through out India
It teaches first aid
g.United
Nations International Children's Educational Fund (UNICEF)
UNICEF is an agency of the United Nations. It was founded in 1946 for the purpose of
helping mothers and children in country affected by World War II. Now it offers
services in all underdeveloped countries.
UNICEF in India has provided teaching equipments for nursing education, textbooks and
visual aids for schools and colleges of nursing and training for personal to
help with the health of mothers and children.
h) Trained
Nurses Association in India (TNAI)
The trained Nurses Association of India is a largest
national professional association of nurses in India .It was established in
1922.
Aims of
Trained Nurses Association in India (TNAI)
Upholding the dignity and honour of the nursing profession.
Promoting the sense of unity among all nurses
Enabling members to discuss together on matters relating to
their profession
i.Student
Nurses Association of India (SNA)
The student Nurses Association organised in 1929 is
associated under the jurisdiction of the TNAI, in addition to providing a means
of personnel and professional development for the nursing students. It serves
as a source of membership for the parent organisation. In addition the TNAI
serves as the advisor for the SNA.
Functions
of SNA
The functions of SNA are as follows
To help the student nurses learn how the professional
organisations serve to uphold the dignity and the ideals of the nursing
profession.
To furnish student nurses, in the courses of study leading
to professional qualification.
j.Christian Medical
Association of India
The Nurse's League of the Christian Medical Association was
founded in 1930.
The
current objectives
To promote co-operation and encouragement among Christian
nurses.
To promote efficiency in nursing education and services.
To secure the highest standard possible in Christian Nursing
Education through the Christian Schools of Nursing and
To consider the special work and problems of Christian
nurses working.
Nursing considered to be an occupation now attains the
status of profession.
Summary:
From the dawn of civilization, evidence prevails that
nursing has been essential to the preservation of life.
Survival of the human race is inextricably intertwined with
the development of nursing.
Nursing is the oldest of the arts and the youngest of the
profession.
Egypt had made much progress in medicine. Nursing and
medicine was closely connected with religion in Greece and India.
Hippocrates, 'Father of Scientific medicine' had a medical
foundation to start with.
The Romans were best known for advances in public health.
India had the Ayurvedic system of medicine, which stressed
on hygiene, prevention of sickness, inoculation against small pox, sanitation,
lavaratories good ventilation and construction of hospitals.
Christianity believed that one should render services of
love to humanity without any reward. This principle was absorbed in nursing and
helped to improve the status of a nurse. Phoebe, Fabiola, Paula and Marcella
devoted themselves for the services of sick.
During middle ages, monks and nuns dedicated themselves
caring of sick.
The Dark Age was marked by superstition, mysticism and
persecutions of free thinkers.
Florence Nightingale 'The Lady with the lamp' underwent
training at the school of Kaiserworth. She and her nurses attended thousands of
wounded and dying solders in Crimean was in 1854.
Florence Nightingale founded a training school for nurses in
1860 at St.Thomas Hospital London.
In 1854 the Govt of India sanctioned a training school for
midwives in Madras.
In 1908, the trained Nurses Association of India was formed.
In 1918, training schools were started for health visitors
and dais.
In 1926, Madras State formed the first Registration council.
The Indian Nursing Council was constituted in 1949.
The two-year postgraduate program was begun in 1960 at
College of Nursing, New Delhi.
The job opportunities for nurses are available in India and
as well as in abroad.
Code of Ethics in nursing governs the conduct of a nurse,
her relationship to the patient and his family, her associates and society.
A professional nurse should have kindness, gentleness,
patience, willing to serve and be honest. She should be reliable, resourceful,
courageous, cooperative and considerate.
Being a growing profession, nursing is vital to humanity and
has a unique knowledge that is continually enlarging.
Nursing associations and organizations are taking united
efforts to elevate the standards of nursing education and practice.
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