Menier' s Ear Infection disease: symptoms, Management, Care

Menier' s disease

It is an inner ear disease characterised by vertigo, dizziness and with pathological distension of endolympatic system.

Etiology :

The cause of menier' s disease is unknown. But it appears to be related to dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system.

Signs and symptoms:

i.       Severe vertigo some times unable cross the road.

ii.     Pain,  Headache, loss of hearing.

iii.  Sensation of dizziness severe tinnites (dinging sensation in the ears )

iv.  Nauses and vomiting and loss of appetite.

v.     May be irritable and shows loss of interest in activity

vi.  Profuse perspiration and nystagmus.

Investigation :

i.       Autoscope, Audiogram (Audiometry)

ii.     The Caloric test

iii.  The glycerin test (1.5ml / of glycard is mixed with equal amount of water and given to the patient. So that it reduce inflammation and it has dehydrating agent.

iv.  Electro nystagmography

 Management :

1. No medical treatment for menier' s disease has proved successful.

2. To reduce endolymphatic hypertension, fluid intake may be limited and diuretic drugs such as Diruil and Diamox may be ordered.

3. A low salt diet may be helpful.

4. Other medications include histamine

Surgical management :

1. Conservative : The tube is introduced to the labryinsh in to the endolymphatic sac to drain the excess endolympic fluid.

2. Destructive labynthectomy: In this the labyrinth is exercised and removed surgically.

Nursing care:

1.     Reassure the patient

2.     Give comfortable bed to prevent fall (put side rails)

3.     Monitor vital signs

4.     Assist the patient in all simple axes.

5.     Restrict the intake of sodium and water to reduce odema.

6.     Arrange for pleasant music to overcome tannitis

7.     Health education regarding

                                                             i.      Advise to stop smoking

                                                           ii.      Avoid allergic food

                                                        iii.      Intake the medicine is an appropriate way

                                                        iv.      Control of environmental factors.

8.     Follow up care.

General terms :  :  absence of odour of smell

Anosmia 

Hyperosmia  :  increased sense of smell

Hyposmedia  :  decreased sense of smell

Cachosmia  :  perspiration of bad odour

Perosmia  :  wrong odour