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Chapter: Mechanical Engineering : Internal Combustion Engines

Four Stroke Diesel Engine

Construction and working of Four Stroke Diesel Engine

FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE



 

Construction:

 

         A piston reciprocates inside the cylinder

 

         The piston is connected to the crankshaft by means of a connecting rod and crank.

 

           The inlet and exhaust valves are mounted on the cylinder head.

 

         A fuel injector is provided on the cylinder head

 

         The fuel used is diesel.

 

(a) Suction Stroke (First Stroke of the piston)

         Piston moves from TDC to BDC

 

         Inlet valve is opened and the exhaust valve is closed.

 

         The pressure inside the cylinder is reduced below the atmospheric pressure.

 

         Fresh air from the atmosphere is sucked into the engine cylinder through air cleaner and inlet valve.

 

(b)   Compression stroke (Second stroke of the piston)

         Piston moves from BDC to TDC

 

         Both inlet and exhaust valves are closed.

 

         The air is drawn during suction stroke is compressed to a high pressure and temperature

 

(c)   Working or power or expansion stroke (Third stroke of the piston)

         The burning gases (products of combustion) expand rapidly.

 

         The burning gases push the piston move downward from TDC to BDC

 

         This movement of piston is converted into rotary motion of the crank shaft through connecting rod.

         Both inlet and exhaust valves are closed.

 

(d) Exhaust Stroke (Fourth stroke of the piston)

         Piston moves from BDC to TDC

 

         Exhaust valve is opened the inlet valve is closed.

 

         The burnt gases are forced out to the atmosphere through the exhaust valve. (some of the burnt gases stay in the clearance volume of the cylinder)

         The exhaust valve closes shortly after TDC

 

         The inlet valve opens slightly before TDC and the cylinder is ready to receive fresh air to start a new cycle.

 

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Mechanical Engineering : Internal Combustion Engines : Four Stroke Diesel Engine |


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