Exercise 7.3 (Cryptology)

Exercise 7.3

1. Fill in the blanks (Use Atbash Cipher that is given in code 3)

Solution:

For this question, we need to use Atbash cipher. For Atbash cipher, first we write the alphabets from A to Z and then in reverse from Z to A below that.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Z Y X W V U T S R Q P O N M L K J I H G F E D C B A

(i) G Z N R O = _____________________________

[Answer: TAMIL]

Solution:

Now to solve, we look up the corresponding letter from the table to replace in code to get the actual word.

So, for G Z N R O, from table,

for G, it is T

for Z, It is A

for N, it is M

for R, it is I

for O, it is L

So , the actual word is TAMIL

(ii) V M T O R H S = _____________________________

[Answer: ENGLISH]

Solution:

V M T O R H S

To solve, we look up the corresponding letter from table to replace in code to get the actual word.

For V, it is E

for M, it is N

for T, it is G

for O, it is L

for R, it is I,

for H, it is S

for S, it is H

Therefore we get E N G L I S H = ENGLISH 

(iii) N Z G S V N Z G R X H = _____________________________

[Answer: MATHEMATICS]

Solution:

Similarly as above for

= MATHEMATICS

(iv) H X R V M X V = _____________________________

[Answer: SCIENCE]

Solution:

 For 

(v) H L X R Z O H X R V M X V = _____________________________

[Answer: SOCIAL SCIENCE]

Solution:

 For 

2. Match the following ( a = 00……………. Z= 25).

(i) mathematics - (a) 18 20 01 19 17 00 02 19 08 14 13

(ii) addition - (b) 03 08 21 08 18 08 14 13

(iii) subtraction - (c) 12 00 19 07 04 12 0019 08 02 18

(iv) multiplication - (d) 00 03 03 08 19 08 14 13

(v) division - (e) 12 20 11 19 08 15 11 15 02 00 19 08 14 13

[Answer: i − c, ii − d, iii − a, iv − e, v – b ]

Solution:

Given that the code is

Solution:

(i) Mathematics is

So matching option is c

(ii) addition is

Matching option is d

(iii) Subtraction is

Matching option is a

(iv) multiplication is

Matching option is e

however instead of 25, it should be 08

(v) division is

Matching option is b

3. Frame Additive cipher table (key = 4).

Solution:

Step 1 : write all alphabets

Step 2 : Assign numbers to each alphabet starting from 00 till 25.

Step 3 : add key value (here it is 4) to the numbers assigned in step 2 to form cipher table

4. A message like “Good Morning” written in reverse would instead be “Doog Gninrom”. In the same way decode the sentence given below:

“Ot dnatsrednu taht scitamehtam nac eb decneirepxe erehwreve ni erutan dna laer efil.”

Solution:

Given that good morning written in reverse is doog gninrom.

We have to decode the below by reversing, so,

Ot dnatsrednu taht scitamehtam nac eb decneirepxe erehwreve ni erutan dna laer efil.

Answer:

To understand that mathematics can be experienced everywhere in nature and real life.

5. Decode the given Pigpen Cipher text and compare your answer to get the Activity 3 result.

I. The room number in which the treasure took place:

II. Place of the treasure :

III. The name of the treasure :

Solution:

(i) The room in which the treasure took place = 28

(ii) The place of treasure = CHAIR

(iii) Identity of treasure = GIFT VOUCHER.

6. Praveen recently got the registration number for his new two-wheeler. Here, the number is given in the form of mirror-image. Encode the image and find the correct registration number of raveen’s two-wheeler.

Solution:

The mirror image is 

When we place an imaginary mirror & visualize the image seen in the mirror, we will get the below.

∴  The answer uis Option c

Objective Type Questions

7. In questions (i) and (ii), there are four groups of letters in each set. Three of these sets are alike in some way while one is different. Find the one which is different.

(i). (A) C R D T (B) A P B Q (C) E U F V (D) G W H X

(ii). (A) H K N Q (B) I L O R (C) J M P S (D) A D G J

[ Answer: (i). (A) C R D T (ii). (D) A D G J]

Solution:

A. The four groups of letters are

CRDT  APBQ  EUFV  GWHX

The above can be written as

We find that when we take 1^st & 3^rd letter & 2^nd & 4^th letter as 2 pairs, the 3^rd letter is the next letter alphabetically to the l^st letter.

Similarly the 4^th letter is alphabetically the next letter of the 2^nd letter.

i.e CD, AB, EF, GH & PQ, UV, WX

Only in CRDT, we have T instead of 'S'

So, Answer: in CRDT ⇒ Option (A)

B. The four groups of letters are

HKNQ ILOR JMPS ADGI

If we notice, we find that 2 letters are missing in the sequence, ie.

H_IJK_LMN_OPQ     I_JKL_MNO_PQR

J_KLM_NOP_QRS       A_BCD_EFG_HI

We find that only in ADGI, the difference is only one letter between G & I.

Hence it is the odd one out.

8. A group of letters are given. A numerical code has been given to each letter. These letters have to be unscrambled into a meaningful word. Find out the code for the word so formed from the 4 answers given.

(A) 234156

(B) 563421

(C) 613524

(D) 421356

[Answer: (B) 5 6 3 4 2 1 ]

Solution:

Given code is

Option (a) is 234156. When we substitute number for each letter from code, we get,

So, only in option b, we get a meaningful word, i.e PENCIL.

Hence, answer is Option b)

9. Questions (iii) and (iv) are based on code language. Find the correct answer from the four alternatives given.

(iii) In a certain code, ‘M E D I C I N E’ is coded as ‘E O J D J E F M’, then how is ‘C O M P U T E R’ written in the same code ?

(A)CNPRVUFQ

(B)CMNQTUDR

(C)RFUVQNPC

(D)RNVFTUDQ

[Answer: (C) R F U V Q N P C]

Solution:

It is given that in a certain code M E D I C I N E is coded as E O J D J E F M

When we observe the word & the code, we find that, there is a pattern.

 [ to understand, see the matching shapes]

To get the code from the word, we follow the below steps

1.  M E D I C I N E,  swap 1st & last letters, so we get

E [ E D I C I N ] M

2. For the middle letters, replace the letters with their alphabetically next letters, so we get

3. Now we have to reverse the order of the middle letters in the bracket, so we get

E [O J D J E F ] M = E O J D J E F M

Thus we get the code.

So similarly, we have to follow the 3 steps to get code, therefore :

for 

Step 1: Swap 1 st & last letters, so we get

R [ O M P U T E ] C

Step 2: For the middle letters, replace the letters with alphabetically next letters, so we get

R  [ P N Q V U F ] C

Step 3: Reverse the word of letters in the bracket to we get

R [ F U V Q N P ] C

∴  Ans is R F U V Q N P C ⇒ Option C

(iv) If the word ‘P H O N E ’ is coded as ‘S K R Q H’, how will ‘R A D I O’ be coded ?

(A) S C G N H

(B) V R G N G

(C) U D G L R

(D) S D H K Q

[Answer: (C) U D G L R]

Solution:

If PHONE is coded as S K R Q H

Find that code for R A D I O

We find that we get the code, by 3^rd letter alphabetically so, from P, skipping Q & R, we get S.

Similarly, from H, skipping I & J, we get K

Like wise for R A D I O, skipping the 2 alphabets,

From R, skip S & T → U

From A, skip B & C → D

From D skip E & F →  G

From I skip J & K → L

From O skip P & Q → R

∴  Ans. is UDGLR ⇒ Option c

Answer:

Exercise 7.3

1. (i) TAMIL (ii) ENGLISH (iii) MATHEMATICS (iv) SCIENCE (v) SOCIAL SCIENCE

2 (i) c (ii) d (iii) a (iv) e (v) b

3 . 

4. To understand that mathematics can be experienced everywhere in nature and real life.

 (i) 28 (ii) CHAIR (iii) GIFT VOUCHER

6. (c) 

7. (i) (a) C R D T (ii) (d) A D G J

8. (ii) 5 6 3 4 2 1

9. (i) (c) R F U Q N P C (ii) (c) U D G L R