Chapter: 11th 12th standard bio zoology Human Body higher secondary school

Dual purpose Cattle breeds - Ongole : Nellore

This breed of cattle are meant for both milk yield and draught works. The cows are fairly good milkers and the bullocks are sturdy and are useful in draught works like ploughing the field, transport, cart pulling etc. Important examples are Hariana and Ongole.

Dual purpose breeds : This breed of cattle are meant for both milk yield and draught works. The cows are fairly good milkers and the bullocks are sturdy and are useful in draught works like ploughing the field, transport, cart pulling etc. Important examples are Hariana and Ongole.

1. Ongole : Nellore

Origin and distribution :- Ongole tract of Andra Pradesh, Guntur, Narasaraopet, Venukonda, Kandukur taluks of Nellore.

Distinguishing characteristics : This breed is a larger form. The matured male weighs about 700Kg and female weighs about 400 Kg. Ongole breed is usually white in colour with grey marking. Males are dark grey at extremities. Hump is well developed and erect. The horns are stumpy and they grow outwards and inwards. Bullocks are powerful and suitable for cart and road work but are not fast.

Productions : Cows are good yielders, yielding from 1700 kg to 3500kg per lactation.

Exotic breeds of cattle : Many milk yeilding breeds of cattle are imported and reared in India. The exotic breeds are successfully crossed with indigenous breeds to obtain cross breeds, which have sufficient desirable characters. European breeds are the first kind of exotic breeds introduced in India about 90 years back. Important ones are short horns Ayreshire, Jersey, Brown swiss, Holstein Friesean, Guernsy and Red Dane.

Jersey : Jersey is one of the oldest dairy breed. It originated from Jersey island adaptable to wide range of climatic conditions and heat. The colour of the breed ranges from white to dark grey, and it is broken and found as patches. Jerseys are nervous and sensitive animals. Jerseys have good ud-ders with large teats. The lactational yield is 4,950 kg with milk fat 5% . The milk has a characteristic yellow colour because of high carotene content. The bulls are vicious than other breed. Cross breeding of Jersey and indig-enous Sindhi and Hariyana produced excellent cross breeds with more than 2000 kg of milk yield per lactation period.

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11th 12th standard bio zoology Human Body higher secondary school : Dual purpose Cattle breeds - Ongole : Nellore |