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Chapter: Microbiology and Immunology: Virology, Virus: Paramyxoviruses

Clinical Syndrome and Epidemiology - Rotavirus

Rotavirus is a major cause of diarrhea in infants and young children.

Clinical Syndrome

Rotavirus is a major cause of diarrhea in infants and young children.

 Diarrhea

The incubation period is short being less than 48 hours. The condition manifests commonly as fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and occasionally dehydration. Vomiting is usually of short duration and can occur before or after the onset of diarrhea. The diarrheic stool may be watery, green, or yellow but does not contain mucus. Rotavirus diarrhea is a self-limiting disease, and patients recover completely within 5–10 days without any complications on sequelae. Also, rotavirus has been reported as an agent of traveler’s diarrhea in adults. The virus has also been reported to cause gastroenteritis in adults.

Epidemiology

Rotavirus is found worldwide. The virus is an important cause of diarrhea in infants and young children between 3 and 5 years of age. The viruses are excreted in the diarrheic stool of the chil-dren 2–5 days after the start of diarrhea. The infected children are the common source and reservoir of infection. The virus is transmitted from person-to-person by fecal–oral route. The virus is resistant to environmental condition, hence sur-vives well on fomites, as well as on hands. The rotavirus diar-rheal disease shows a seasonal variation; the disease being more common in autumn, spring, and winter.

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Microbiology and Immunology: Virology, Virus: Paramyxoviruses : Clinical Syndrome and Epidemiology - Rotavirus |


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