Basic Medical Instruments and Techniques
Traditionally doctors employ simple instruments
like thermometer, stethoscope, and sphygmomanometer to monitor the health
conditions of individuals. Medical technology has blossomed during the last few
decades and revolutionized medical practices which are immensely influencing
life saving means in emergency care of patients. Modern hospitals are
established with sophisticated medical instruments like autoanalysers,
electrocardiograms, electroencephalograms, ultrasound scanners, CT scanners,
NMRI, Isotope imaging and a variety of modern complex equipments for diagnosis
and treatment of patients. In medical therapeutics both diagnosis and treatment
are two important aspects. Diagnosis involves identifying or determining the
nature of disease while treatment involves the curative aspects in order to
eliminate the disease causing agent. Clinical laboratory tests help a physician
in correct diagnosis and treatment, coupled with advanced communication
technology, telemedicine, an emerging area are vital especially in rural health
care.
Haematology, is the
branch of medicine concerned with
the study of the cause, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases
related to blood.
Toxicology
is a
discipline that involves the study
of theadverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms and the
practice of diagnosing and treating exposures to toxins and toxicants.
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