Sterilisation :
It is
one of the methods of disinfections.
Methods of disinfection:
1.
Natural: Sunlight
and air
2.
Physical: Dry
heat , moist heat and radiation
3.
Chemical: Liquids,
solids and gases.
Preparing articles for disinfection
(sterilization):
A convenient method often used is to prepare sets of the
instrument, swabs, sponges, dressings, towels and the surfaces needed for each
type of operation or sterile procedures.
These sets are packed into drums, bundles or on trays,
labeled and kept ready for sterilising.
The articles should be carefully arranged so that those
needed first are on top.
They must be loosely packed for steam to penetrate.
Drums or bins must have the perforations opened.
Bundles should have a double wrapper of close-woven cloth,
or of paper.
Dressings:
Swabs and sponges are usually made of
several thickness of surgical gauze. Raw edges must be folded to the desired
size to prepare gauze. Sponges used for abdominal surgery need to be large,
stitched around the edge and a piece of tape sewed to one corner. When an
artery forceps is clipped into the end of the tape, there is no risk of the
sponge being left inside the abdomen.
B.
Packing gauze:
It is made in various sizes. Use
gauze four times the width of the desired packing. Fold the edges so that they
meet in the middle and again fold down the center, and roll.
C. Cotton balls:
It is prepared in various ways.
Cotton balls of various sizes are prepared by rolling between the palms. Some
may be needed for intestinal surgery, and for this the cotton ball must be
covered with gauze and tied. This type of ball is grasped with a long handed
forceps.
D. Instruments:
After use, surgical instruments should be washed first in
cold water then in warm water with a detergent. Use a brush to clean well
especially between the teeth of artery forceps and clamps. To be properly
sterilized, there should be no dried blood or discharge. Rinse in clean water,
then boil for 5 minutes and dry well.
Sharp
instruments, knives and needles should be dealt with separately, taking care to avoid
cuts and puncture wounds.
E.
Glass syringes and metal needles:
After
use, draw up some water into the glass syringe and push enough through each
metal needle to make sure they are not blocked. Infected glass syringes (used
for withdrawing blood or pus) should be washed immediately in cold disinfectant
solution.
Next wash the syringes and needles in warm soapy water,
using a bottle brush for the barrel. Rinse in clean water. Take care not to get
barrels and plungers mixed, but keep them always paired together.
Needles should be examined carefully
for sharpness. Take care not to prick your finger as infection may be
transmitted in this way.
F. Rubber tubing
After use tubes should be cleaned with cold water, then with
hot soapy water and then rinsed. The inside must be thoroughly cleaned. Then it
is boiled, and hung over. Rubber catheters should be cleaned by running cold
water through from both ends. Wash and rinse in cold water, then dry, with a
towel or by hanging up. Autoclave the catheters before use.
Related Topics
Privacy Policy, Terms and Conditions, DMCA Policy and Compliant
Copyright © 2018-2024 BrainKart.com; All Rights Reserved. Developed by Therithal info, Chennai.