Suspension system
Suspension system is the term given to the system of springs,
shock absorbers and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels . It is
basically cushion for passengers protects the luggage or any cargo and also
itself from damage and wear.
Sir William Brush is the
father of suspension system in automobiles.
The main role of suspension
system are as follows:
It
supports the weight of vehicle .
Provides
smoother ride for the driver and
passengers i.e. acts as cushion.
Protects
your vehicle from damage and wear .
It also
plays a critical role in maintaining self driving conditions.
It also
keeps the wheels pressed firmly to the ground for traction .
It isolates the body from road shocks
and vibrations which would otherwise be transferred to the passengers and load.
Principle :
When a tire hits an obstruction, there is a reaction force.
The size of this reaction force depends on the unsprung mass at each wheel
assembly.
In general, the larger the ratio of sprung weight to unsprung
weight, the less the body and vehicle occupants are affected by bumps, dips,
and other surface imperfections such as small bridges. A large sprung weight to
unsprung weight ratio can also impact vehicle control.
No road is perfectly flat i.e. without irregularities. Even a
freshly paved highways have subtle imperfections that can be
interact with vehicle’s wheels. These are the imperfections that
apply forces on wheels.
According to Newton ‘s law of motion all
forces have both magnitude and direction. A bump in the road causes the wheel
to move up and down perpendicular to the road surface. The magnitude of course
,depends on whether the wheel is striking a giant bump or a tiny speck. Thus,
either the wheel experiences a vertical acceleration as it passes over an
imperfection.
The suspension of a car is actually part of the chassis, which
comprises all of the important systems located beneath the car's body. These
system include :
Frame
Suspension
system
Steering
system
Tires or
Wheels
Components of Suspension system;
There
are three fundamental components of any suspension system .
Springs
Ø Coil
spring
Ø Leaf
springs
Ø Air
springs
Dampers
Ø Shock
Absorbers
Ø Struts:-
Ø Anti-sway
Bars
Anti sway
bars.
Types of Suspension system;
Advantages;
Comfort
to passengers
Good
handling
Shields
the vehicle from damage
Increases
life of vehicle
Keeps the tires pressed firmly to ground.
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