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Maths - Summary of Correlation and Regression analysis | 11th Business Mathematics and Statistics(EMS) : Chapter 9 : Correlation and Regression analysis

Chapter: 11th Business Mathematics and Statistics(EMS) : Chapter 9 : Correlation and Regression analysis

Summary of Correlation and Regression analysis

The term correlation refers to the degree of relationship between two or more variables.

SUMMARY

 

The term correlation refers to the degree of relationship between two or more variables.

 

Scatter diagram is a graphic device for finding correlation between two variables.

 

Karl Pearson correlation coefficient r(x,y)= 

 

Correlation coefficient r lies between –1 and 1. (i.e) –1 =< r =< 1

 

When r=+1 , then the correlation is perfect positive

 

When r=–1 , then the correlation is perfect negative

 

When r=0, then there is no relationship between the variables, (i.e) the variables are uncorrelated.

 

Rank correlation deals with qualitative characteristics.

 

Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient formula ρ is given by


where d = The difference between two ranks = RX–RY 

N = Number of paired observations.

 

Correlation represents linear relationship between the variables but the regression helps to estimate (or predict) one variable by using the other variable.

 

Regression lines of


 

The two regression lines passing through their respective means of X and Y

 

Calculation of the regression coefficients.


 

The Properties of regression coefficients.

(i) 

(ii) both the regression coefficients cannot be greater than one.

(iii) Both the regression coefficients have same sign.

 

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