Sinusitis
Inflammation of sinus
Types:
Acute and Chronic.
A. Acute sinusitis:
Acute inflammation of the one or more sinuses.
Etiology:
i)
It develops as a result of upper
respiratory tract infections particularly viral infections.
ii)
Obstruction of the Para nasal
sinuses leads to secretion of sinuses and infection.
Types:
Frontal sinusitis and
Maxillary sinusitis.
Signs and symptoms:
i)
Pressure, pain over sinus, area.
ii)
Purulent nasal secretion.
iii)
Maxillary sinusitis will cause
pain over the eyebrows.
iv)
Frontal sinusitis often cause pain over eyebrows.
Diagnosis:
i)
History collection and physical examination.
ii)
Sinus x-ray studies.
Management:
i)
Antibiotics as prescribed.
ii)
Oral and topical decongestion (Afrin
and otvivin) may be prescribed.
iii)
Head mist and saline irrigation also may be
effective for opening blocked passages.
Nursing Management:
i)
Steam inhalation.
ii)
Increasing fluid intake.
iii)
Applying local heat (hot wet packs).
B. Chronic Sinusitis:
Chronic sinusitis usually is caused by chronic nasal
obstruction due to discharge and edema of the nasal mucous membrane.
Signs and symptoms:
i)
Chronic patient discharge.
ii)
A chronic cough.
iii)
Chronic dull sinus, headache that is
present on awakening, fatigue and nasal stuffiness.
Management:
i)
Treatment of chronic sinusitis may
be surgical.
ii)
Removal of nasal deformities such as
deviated, nasal septum hypertrophied turbinate bone or nasal polyps that are
obstructing the sinus opening.
iii)
Sinus irrigation may be done to
ensure better drainage.
iv)
Increasing fluid intake and applying
local heat.
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