Physical Characteristics and Examinations of Water

CHARACTERISTICS AND EXAMINATION OF WATER

OBJECTS OR ADVANTAGES OF ANALYSIS OF WATER

1.     By knowing the results of analysis, the outline of the treatment process may be framed.

2.     Daily operation of the treatment plant is based on this analysis report.

3.     To ascertain the quality of raw water to suggest the type of treatment to be given and the degree of treatment necessary.

4.     Water must also be analyzed at the end of the treatment to find out the efficiency or performance of the treatment plant.

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND EXAMINATIONS OF WATER

The various physical characteristics and examinations are

i.                   Temperature

ii.                 Colour

iii.              Turbidity

iv.              Taste and odour

Temperature: The most desirable temperature for public water supply scheme is 10⁰C. Temperature above 26⁰C are undesirable and above 37⁰C are unfit for P.W.S.S. as they are not palatable

Colour:Colour in water is usually caused by the presence of organic matter in colloidal and dissolved state. The colour can be measured by comparing the colour of water sample with other standard glass tubes called NESLER?S TUBES containing solutions of different standsrdcolour intensities) The standsrd unit of colour is that which is produced by one milligram of platinum - cobaltus chloride dissolved in 1-litre of dist5illed water. For domestic supplies the permissible limit is 20 colour units (CU) on platinum cobalt scale and should be preferably less than To. For precise determination of small colour intensities, compact instrument properly lighted from inside called TINTOMETER is used.

Turbidity: It is the measure of inter frame given by insoluble process of soil organics, mionoorganisms and other materials for the passage of light through water the standard unit is

that which is produced by 1 milligram of finely divided silico in one litre of distilled water the permissible limit of turbidity is 5 to 10units on silica scale.