Causes and Effect of Inorganic and Organic Impurities in Water

1.IMPURITIES

A)INORGANIC

a. Suspended

b.Dissolved

CAUSES             

Particles of silt and clay

I)Carbonates  and bicarbonates of calcium and mg.               

ii)Sulphates  and  chortles  of  ca and mg.           

iii)carbonates  and         bicarbonates of sodium          

iv)Nitiates                               

v)chlorides of Na

vi)Fluorides of Na                  

vii)Iron oxide                

viii)Manganese              

EFFECTS           

Turbidity             

Hardness & alkalinity   

Hardness and corrosion

Alkalinity            

Excess        over   50mg/lit

Methenoglubanemiao r blue babies. Brackish taste                

Excess over 1.5mg/L causes Fluor sis.                

Taste colour and hardness      

Taste and odour  

2.IMPURITIES

B) ORGANIC

I. Suspended

a.vegetable

b.animal

II.Dissolved

a.vegetable

b.Animal

CAUSES   

Decayed      leaves,

algae,Fungi,etc..  

Dead  animals,  hairs,    insects, etc..         

Large Quantities   of albuminoidal   nitrogen       with little    quantities  of  ammonia and chlorides.   

Large quantities    of Albuminoidal nitrogen       

EFFECTS

Acidity, taste and colour Contamination

Bacteria.

Pathogens, contamination due to sewage. Etc…

COLLOIDAL IMPURITIES

Colloids are particles in a finely divided state. They are neither in suspension nor insolvable but in condition midway between the two. These particles are so small that their removal in a sedimentation tank is impossible at reasonable overflow rates and detention time. They are not visible to the naked eye and are electrically charged and repel cash other. The size of these particles is between 1 minor to 1 mille micron. They impart colour to the water.

DISSOLVED IMPURITIES

Their numbers may be very large because water is a very good solvent and can dissolve all the salts to which it comes in contact. Salts of calcium, magnesium when dissolved in water cause taste, hardness, alkalinity, etc….