Personal Hygiene : Care of Skin

CARE OF THE SKIN

The skin is an active organ with the functions of protection, secretion, excretion, temperature regulation and sensation. The skin has three primary layers; epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous.

Bacteria commonly reside on the skin' s outer surface.

Normal skin Characteristics

            Skin is smooth and dry.

            Skin is intact and has no abrasion.

            Skin feels warm when palpated.

The skin is soft and flexible.

            The skin is generally smooth and soft with good turgor (Elastic and Firm).

            Skin colour varies from deep brown to light pink

The purposes of bathing

            To keep the patient clean and comfortable and refreshed.

            To give a sense of well-being.

            To promote rest and sleep

            To keep the skin dry, active and healthy

Risk factors for skin impairment

Immobilization

Reduced sensation

Poor nutrition

Dehydration or oedema

Excessive secretions and excretions on the skin.

Vascular insufficiency.

Use of external devices eg. cast, bandage or orthopedic devices.

Common Skin Problems

Dry skin (flaky, rough, texture on exposed areas such as hands, arms, legs or face)

Skin rashes results from overexposure to sunlight or moisture or from allergic reaction.

Contact dermatitis: inflammation of the skin with scaly oozing lesions.

Abrasion scrapping away of epidermis results in localized bleeding.

Bacterial breakdown of sebum appears on face, neck, shoulders and back.