Nutrition During Preschool Age (1-6 Years): Growth Pattern

NUTRITION DURING PRESCHOOL AGE (1-6 YEARS)

The rapid growth during infancy is followed by a generally slow growth between one to six years. The child becomes more active and the social and environmental influences have a great impact on his food behaviour and eating pattern. Development of full dentition by the end of two years increase the range of foods that can safely be eaten. The need for nutrients is increased as growth and development continues.

 Growth pattern

During the second year, the increase in height is about 10cm and weight gain is 2 to 2.5 kg. After two years annual gain in height and weight is only six to seven cm and 1.5 to 2 kg respectively. However there is a wide variance in the physical development of children.

As growth proceeds, changes occur in proportion of water, muscle tissue, fat deposits and skeletal structure. The body water gradually decreases and there is addition of adipose tissue and that of minerals to the bones.

Psychosocial changes also take place. As he steps into the second year he develops a sense of individuality which is distinct and is reflected in his food behaviour. With advancing age there is an increasing sense of independence, initiative, imagination and curiosity.

Preschool age is also a period of imitation and sex identification, with boys imitating their fathers and girls their mothers. Such behaviour is reflected at meal times and therefore the parents play an important role in inculcating healthy and positive attitude towards food.