Maintenance
of personal and public hygiene
Hygiene is a set of practices
performed to conserve good health. According to the World Health
Organization (WHO), hygiene refers to “conditions and practices that help to
maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases." Personal hygiene refers
to maintaining one’s body clean by bathing, washing hands, trimming
fingernails, wearing clean clothes and also includes attention to keeping
surfaces in the home and workplace, including toilets, bathroom facilities,
clean and pathogen-free.
Our public places teem
with infection, contamination and germs. It seems that every surface we touch
and the air we breathe are with pollutants and microbes. It’s not just the
public places that are unclean, but we might be amazed at the number of people
who do not wash their hands before taking food, after visiting the restroom, or
who sneeze without covering their faces. Many infectious diseases such as typhoid,
amoebiasis and ascariasis are transmitted through
contaminated food and water.
Advancement in science
and technology provide effective controlling measures for many infectious and
non-infectious diseases. The use of vaccines and adopted immunization
programmes have helped to eradicate small pox in India. Moreover a large
number of infectious diseases like polio, diphtheria, pneumonia and tetanus
have been controlled by the use of vaccines and by creating awareness among the
people.
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