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Chapter: Object Oriented Programming(OOP) : Overview of Java

Java - Control Statements

Types • if else • switch • while • do while • for • break • continue • return • Labeled break, continue

CONTROL STATEMENTS

 

Types

      if else

      switch

      while

      do while

      for 

      break

      continue 

      return

      Labeled break, continue

 

if-else if(conditional_statement){

 

statement to be executed if conditions becomes true }else{

 

statements to be executed if the above condition becomes false

}

 

Switch switch(byte/short/int){ case expression: statements

 

case expression: statements default: statement

}

 

while – loop while(condition_statementàtrue){

 

Statements to be executed when the condition becomes true and execute them repeatedly until condition becomes false.

 

}

E.g.

 

int x =2; while(x>5){

 

system.out.println(“value of x:”+x); x++;

 

}

 

do while – loop do{

 

statements to be executed at least once without looking at the condition. The statements will be exeucted until the condition becomes true. }while(condition_statement);

 

for – loop

 

for(initialization; condition; increment/decrement){ statements to be executed until the condition becomes false

}

E.g:

for(int x=0; x<10;x++){

System.out.println(“value of x:”+x);

}

Break

 

      Break is used in the loops and when executed, the control of the execution will come out of the loop.

 

      for(int i=0;i<50;i++){

 

      if(i%13==0){

      break;

 

      }

      System.out.println(“Value of i:”+i);

 

      }

Continue

 

      Continue makes the loop to skip the current execution and continues with the next iteration.

 

for(int i=0;i<50;i++){ if(i%13==0){ continue;

}

System.out.println(“Value of i:”+i);

}

Return

 

return statement can be used to cause execution to branch back to the caller of the method Labeled break,continue

 

      Labeled break and continue statements will break or continue from the loop that is mentioned.

 

      Used in nested loops.

         Primitive data types

 

–   char, byte, short, int, long, float, double, boolean

–   Building blocks for more complicated types

         All variables must have a type before being used

         Strongly typed language

–   Primitive types portable, unlike C and C++

         In C/C++, write different versions of programs

–   Data types not guaranteed to be identical

–   ints may be 2 or 4 bytes, depending on system

         WORA - Write once, run anywhere

–   Default values

         boolean gets false, all other types are 0

 

 

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