Globalization in India

Globalization in India

In India the period after 1980-81 was marked by severe balance of payment difficulties mainly due to hike in oil price and Gulf war in 1990-91 and hostilities in West Asia.

When the new government took over in June 1991. India had unprecedented balance of payment crisis.

With the downgrading of India’s credit rating by some international agencies, there was heavy flight of capital out of India.

Since India lost its credit worthiness in the international market, the government mortgaged 40 tons of gold to the Bank of England. Under these circumstances, the government for 1991-92 presented its budget in July 1991 with a series of policy changes which underlined globalization, liberalization and privatization. This has come to be called as India’s new economic policy. This policies were strengthened when India signed the Dunkel Draft in 1994.

Reforms made to adopt Globalization:-(New Economic policy in India)

1. Abolition of Industrial licensing, except for a few industries.

2. Reduction in the number of industries reserved for public sector.

3. Fixation of a realistic exchange rate of rupee to exchange exports of Indian goods.

4. Foreign private sector by making rupee convertible on trade, on current account and by reducing import duties. 

5. Foreign exchanges regulations were suitably amended

6. The Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) was reduced to increase lending by RBI.