Fair Trade Practices and World Trade Organization
Fair Trade is a way of doing business
that ultimately aims to keep small farmers an active part of the world market
place, and aims to empower consumer to make purchases that support their
values.
• Raising and stabilizing the incomes
of small-Scale farmers, farm workers and artisans.
• More equitably distributing the
economic gains, opportunities and risks associated with the production and sale
of these goods.
• Increasing the organizational and
commercial capacities of producer groups.
• Promoting labor rights and the right
workers to organize.
• Promoting safe and sustainable
farming methods and working conditions.
Fair trade is about better prices,
decent working conditions and fair terms of trade for farmers and workers.
• Creating Opportunities for
Economically Disadvantaged producers.
• Transparency and Accountability .
• Fair
Trading Practices and Payment of a Fair Price.
• Ensuring
no child Labour and Forced Labour.
• Commitment
to Non Discrimination, Gender Equity and freedom of association.
• Providing
Capacity Building and Promoting Fair Building.
• Respect
for the Environment.
GATT was
signed by 23 countries in 1947. India was one of the founder members of GATT.
The Director General of GATT, Arthur Dunkel, came up with a Drafft Final Act,
known as Dunke Draft was approved and signed. GATT’s primary purpose was to
increase International Trade by reducing various tariffs, quotas and subsidies
while maintaining meaningful regulations.
Rounds of GATT
• First in Geneva (Switzerland) (1947)
• Second in Annecy (France) in 1949
• Third in Torquay (UK) in 1950 – 51
• Fourth, fifth, and Sixth in Geneva
(Switzerland) in 1956, 1960-61, 1964 -67.
• Seventh in Tokyo (Japan) in 1973 –
79
• Eighth and final round at Punta del
Este (Uruguay) in 1986 – 1994, known as ‘Uruguay Round’.
The
signing of the Final Act of the Uruguay Round by member nations of GATT in
April 1994 paved the way for setting up of the WTO. An agreement to this effect
was signed by 104 members. The WTO Agreement came into force from January 1,
1995.
World Trade Organization(WTO):
Head Quarter: Geneva, Switzerland
Purpose: Regulation, International trade
Members of WTO: Director General,
Four DeputyDirectorGeneral,andother600Official Staff from around 80 member
countries.
• To set
and enforce rules for international trade.
• To
provide a forum for negotiating and monitoring further trade liberalization.
• To
resolve trade disputes.
• Introduction
at the sustainable development and environment can go together.
• To
ensure that developing countries, secure a better share of growth in world
Trade.
• To
resolve trade disputes.
• To
increase the transparency of decision making processes.
• Introduction
sustainable development the development and environment can go together.
• To
ensure full employment and broad increase in effective demand.
Intellectual
Property Rights may be defined as “Information with a commercial Value” Under
TRIPs Patent shall be available for any invention whether product or process in
all fields of industrial technologies. TRIPS agreement covers seven areas of
intellectual’s property rights.
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