Gestational
Trophoblastic Neoplasia
Gestational trophoblastic
neoplasia (GTN) is
a rareG variation of pregnancy of unknown etiology and usu-ally
presents as a benign disease called hydatidiformmole
(molar pregnancy). GTN is a clinical spectrum that includes all neoplasms that derive from abnormal placental
(trophoblastic) proliferation. There are two varieties ofmolar
pregnancies, complete mole (no fetus), and incom-plete mole (fetal parts in
addition to molar degeneration.) Persistent or malignant disease will
develop in approxi-mately 20% of patients with molar pregnancy. Persistent or
malignant GTN is responsive to chemotherapy.
Key clinical features of GTN
include: (1) clinical presentation as pregnancy, (2) reliable means of
diagnosis by pathognomonic ultrasound findings, and (3) a specific tumor marker
(quantitative serum human
chorionicgonadotropin [hCG]). Persistent
GTN may occur with anypregnancy, although it most commonly follows molar
pregnancy.
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