Conservation
of water
There is no change in the total quantity of
water available on the earth. It remains the same. But the water useful for
plants, animals and man is decreasing day by day. It is called scarcity of
water.
What are the reasons for scarcity of water?
The main reasons for water
scarcity
1. Population
explosion
2. Uneven
distribution of rainfall
3. Decline of
ground watertable
4. Pollution of
water
5. Careless use of
water
We should take care to prevent scarcity of
water. Otherwise,it is impossible for organisms to live on the earth. The only
method of preventing scarcity of water is conservation of water. Saving water
for the future generations by using water carefully and in a limited way is
conservation of water.
Methods of water conservation:
Mainly, two methods can be followed for the
conservation of water.
1. Water management
Water management consists of the following
factors:
a. Bringing
awareness about the bad effects of
throwing wastes into the water bodies
b.
Recycling of water by separating pollutants.
c. Minimizing the use of chemical fertilizers
in agriculture. It reduces the pollution of underground water.
d. Controlling deforestation
e. Adopting drip irrigation and sprinkler
irrigation in agriculture. By this way lesser amount of water can be used for
the irrigation
2. Rainwater harvesting
Direct collection and use of rain water is
called rainwater harvesting.
There are two types of rainwater harvesting.
a. Collecting water from where it falls.
(e.g): Collecting
water from the roof tops of the houses or buildings (Roof water
harvesting).
b. Collecting
flowing rain water
(e.g): Collecting rainwater by constructing ponds
with bund.
Coovam is an estuary!
Estuaries
are wetlands where water bodies meet fresh water from land meeting the salty
seawater. Estuaries are home to unique plants and animal species.
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