Answer in detail

VI. Answer in detail

1. Analyse the effects of the World War II.

World War II began in 1939 and ended in 1945. It was a modern war fought with heavy military equipment. The total death toll was 24 million soldiers and 50 million civilians.

New geo-political power alignment: World War II changed the world in fundamental ways. The world was polarized into two main blocs led by super powers.

• One was led by the United States (Anti Communist ideology)

• The other was led by Soviet Russia (Communist.ideology)

Europe was divided into Communist and Non-Communist

Nuclear proliferation:

• The United States and the Soviet Union entered into a race to have more nuclear powered weapons.

• They built a large stockpile of such weapons.

International agencies: Many international agencies in particular the United Nations, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund came into existence providing a forum for countries large and small.

Decolonization:

• Colonial powers were forced to give independence to former colonies in a process of decolonization.

• India was the first country to achieve independence.

2. Assess the structure and the activities of the UN.

The United Nations now has 193 member states and each one - big or small has an equal vote in the United Nations.

The structure of the United Nations:

General Assembly:

• The organs of UN are similar to a government Legislative, Executive and Judicial wings. The General Assembly is the body in which each member state is represented.

Security Council:

• Next is the Security Council. It has 5 permanent members and 10 temporary members. Major issues and conflicts and discussed here.

Secretariat:

• The Secretariat is the executive wing. It is headed by the Secretary General. The Secretary General is elected by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council.

The International Court of Justice:

• The International Court of Justice is the judicial wing of the United Nations. It is located at The Hague in Holland.

The Economic and Social Council:

• The Economic and Social Council is the 5th organ of the U.N. It co-ordinates all the economic and social works of the United Nations.

Other organs:

• FAO, WHO, UNESCO, UNICEF and UNDP are other special organizations of the UN. They deal with areas like food, health, education and culture.

Activities of the UN:

• The United Nations has expanded its activities in response to the changing problems facing the world.

• In the 1960s, decolonization was an important issue.

• Human rights, the problems of refugees, climate change, gender equality are all now within the ambit of the activities of the UN.

• The UN Peace Keeping Force has acted in many areas of conflict all over the world.

• As a part of the Peace Keeping Force Indian army has been deployed in many parts of the world.

VII. Students Activity

1. Marking the Allies and Axis countries, as well as important battlefields of World War II in a world map.

VIII. Map Work

Mark the following on the world map.

1. Axis Power Countries

2. Allied Power Countries

3. Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Hawai Island, Moscow, San Fransico