The Major operations of sheet Metal

The Major operations of sheet Metal are;

(A)Shearing,

(B) Bending,

(C) Drawing  and

(D)Squeezing

Shearing

The mechanical cutting of materials without the information of chips or the use of Burning or melting for straight cutting blades: shearing for curved blades: blanking, piercing, notching, trimming

Classifications of Shearing Processes

Blanking

Punching

Piercing

Trimming

Slitting

Notching

Nibbling

Shaving

Dinking

Perforating

Lancing

Cutoff

Spring

Back

Blanking.

Cutting a piece from the sheet metal by leaving enough scrap around the opening to assure that the punch has enough metal to cut along its entire edge, during which a metal work piece is removed from the primary metal strip or sheet when it is punched.

Punching.

It is the operation to produce circular holes on a sheet metal by a punch and a die. Here the pierced metal is the final product then the operation is called as punching.

Piercing.

It is an operation to produce holes of any desired shape. Piercing produces a raised hole rather than a cut hole. Piercing refers to punching a hole.

Trimming.

It is the operation of cutting and removing unwanted excess metal from the periphery of a previously formed /forged/cast component.

Slitting

Shearing process used to cut rolls of sheet metal into several rolls of narrower width used to cut a wide coil of metal into a number of narrower coils as the main coil is moved through the slitter. Shearing operations can be carried by means of a pair of circular blades.

Notching

Same as piercing- edge of the strip or black forms part of the punch-out perimeter. In this process the metal is removed from the side (OR) EDGE of a sheet to get the desired shape.

Nibbling

Produces a series of overlapping slits/notches. A machine called nibbler moves a small straight punch up and down rapidly into a die.

Shaving

Finishing operation in which a small amount of metal is sheared away from the edge of an already blanked part .can be used to produce a smoother edge. The rough edges of a blanked part are removed by cutting thin strip of metal along the edge on the periphery.

Dinking

Used to blank shapes from low-strength materials such as rubber, fiber and cloth

Perforating.

Process of making multiple holes which are small in diameter and closed together.

Lancing.

Lancing refers to leaving a tab without removing any material. It is an operationof cutting on one side and bending on the other side to form a sort of tab (or) Louver. No metal is removed in this operation. Lancing refers to leaving a tab without removing any material. It is an operationof cutting on one side and bending on the other side to form a sort of tab (or) Louver. No metal is removed in this operation.

Cutting Off.

In this operation a piece is removed from a strip by cutting along a single line.Parting The sheet is sheared into two (Or) more pieces.

Spring back

The elastic recovery of the material after unloading of the tools.

Bending

The plastic deformation of metals about a linear axis with little or no change in the surface area. The purpose of bending is to form sheet metal along a straight line