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Chapter: Civil : Environmental Engineering : Sewer Design

Sewer Design: Design Steps

Step 1 - Topographical map Step 2 - Preliminary horizontal layout Step 4 - Preliminary vertical layout Step 3- Preliminary sewer sizing Step 5 - Revise layout

Sewer Design: Design Steps

 

 

1 Step 1 - Topographical map

 

Obtain or develop a map of the contributing area

Add location and level of existing or proposed details such as:

 

Contours

 

Physical features (e.g. rivers)

 

Road layout

 

Buildings

 

Sewers and other services

 

Outfall point (e.g. near lowest point, next to receiving water body)

 

 

2 Step 2 - Preliminary horizontal layout

 

Sketch preliminary system layout (horizontal alignment):

 

 

Locate pipes so all potential users can readily connect into the system

 

Try to locate pipes perpendicular to contours

 

Try to follow natural drainage patterns

 

Locate manholes in readily-accessible positions

 

 

Step 3- Preliminary sewer sizing

 

Establish preliminary pipe sizes and gradients

 

 

Step 4 - Preliminary vertical layout

 

Draw preliminary longitudinal profiles (vertical alignment):

Ensure pipes are deep enough so all users can connect into the system

Try to locate pipes parallel to the ground surface

 

Ensure pipes arrive above outfall level

 

Avoid pumping if possible

 


Step 5 - Revise layout

 

Revise the horizontal and/or vertical alignment to minimise system cost by reducing pipe:

 

Lengths

 

Sizes

 

Depths

 

Design of certria

 

The following criteria need to be formulated for design of sewer systems:

 

Peak rates of dry weather f low (wastewater + groundwater infiltration) heavy producers of wastewater allowance for illicit rain water connections to sanitary sewers design storm runoff coefficient.

 

Pipe profiles (and materials) Hydraulicfriction constants Minimumslopes of sewers

Outlet levels (maximumwater level, invert for storm water)

 

 

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