RUBELLA
Rubella was considered a mild, benign exanthem of
childhood until 1941, when the Australian ophthalmologist Sir Norman Gregg
described the profound defects that could be induced in the fetus as a result
of maternal infection. Since 1962, when the virus was first isolated, knowledge
regarding its extreme medical importance and biological characteris- tics has
increased rapidly.
VIROLOGY
Rubella virus is classified as a member of the
togavirus family. It is enveloped and con- tains
single-stranded, positive-sense RNA. There is only one serotype, and no
extrahuman reservoirs are known to exist. The virus can agglutinate some
types of red blood cells, such as those obtained from 1-day-old chicks and
trypsin-treated human type O cells.
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