Reading

Reading

a. Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions.

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the environment that cause harm to the ecosystem. The different kinds of pollution are air pollution, water pollution and land pollution. The release of various gases, finely divided solid particles, or liquid droplets that escape into the atmosphere to disperse and dilute in the environment is called air pollution. Modern society is also concerned about specific types of pollutants, such as noise pollution, light pollution, and plastic pollution.

Particulate matter (PM), also known as particle pollution, is a complex mixture of extremely small particles and liquid droplets that get into the air. These particles if inhaled can affect health. The impact of PM 2.5 is particularly high in South Asia. Outdoor pollution is caused by a variety of pollutants like public and private vehicles, waste burning in the open, power production industries and construction and even cigarette smoking in public places.

Presently, air pollution is a major and growing risk factor for ill health in India. Delhi is one of the most air polluted cities in India. The air in the city as well as areas surrounding it has worsened to extremely hazardous levels in the recent years. This year’s pollution level is the worst in four years. Several studies have shown that poor air quality is a cause for many health issues among people with lower respiratory disorders with symptoms like dry cough, breathlessness, wheezing, chest discomfort, serious lung infections and cardio vascular diseases. Some studies throw light on the fact that about 16 per cent of the deaths worldwide in 2015 were due to pollution.

Air Masks are an option to protect oneself outdoor. Air masks can be used while commuting or while one is exposed to a polluted area. Some of these masks also include a layer of Activated carbon to filter the air. They protect us from suspended air particles and particulate matter up to the size of 2.5 microns and above. Their usage is limited to some days and should be disposed off after their prescribed duration of usage. The price for air masks starts from Rs 100 and can go up to Rs 500 and more.

We have to take active measures to control pollution and protect ourselves to lead a healthy and pollution free life.

1.What is meant by pollution? Mention the different kinds of pollution.

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the environment that cause harm to the ecosystem. The different kinds of pollution are air pollution, water pollution and land pollution.

2.  How does Particulate matter cause air pollution?

Particle pollution is a complex mixture of extremely small particles and liquid droplets that get into the air.

3. Identify three major causes of pollution in air.

Waste burning in the open, power production industries and construction and even cigarette smoking in public places.

4.  Name the types of pollution we encounter now.

The different kinds of pollution are air pollution, water pollution and land pollution.

5.  What sort of health issues do people face due to air pollution?

Many health issues among people with lower respiratory disorders with symptoms like dry cough, breathlessness, wheezing, chest discomfort, serious lung infections and cardio vascular diseases.

6.  How can we protect ourselves outdoor from air pollution?

Air Masks are an option to protect oneself outdoor. Air masks can be used while commuting or while one is exposed to a polluted area.

7.  Suggest a suitable title to the passage.

Air Pollution / Environmental Pollution / Pollution

8.  Identify the meaning of the word similar to the one used in the fourth para:

a) emerging b) filtering

c) floating   d) falling

Ans: b) filtering

b) Read the following information given in the table below and answer the questions.

a) The number of  stations between Chennai Central and Hazrat Nizamudin is…………….

i) five

ii) ten

iii) eight

iv) eleven

b) The train is expected to reach ……… around 8.45 PM

i) Warangal

ii) Vijayawada

iii) Bhopal

iv) Nagpur

c) Between ……………………………. the train runs at it’s maximum speed.

i) Bhopal and Gwalior

ii) Bhopal and Jhansi

iii) Bhopal and Hazarat Nizamudin

iv) Bhopal and Agra

d) Almost ………… the train reaches Vijayawada.

i) the day after

ii) around early morning

iii) late night

iv) around noon

e) People prefer the Rajadhani express to travel from Chennai to reach the capital because ……………..

i) it reaches the destination on the same day.

ii) The charge is reasonable.

iii) the train halts at Ten stations.

iv) it is the shortest route from Chennai to New Delhi.

f) The destination of Rajadhani express is……………

i) Hazarat Nizamudin.

ii) New Delhi junction.

iii) Old Delhi.

iv) Rajkot.