Probability
Points to Remember
• If we are able to predict the exact outcome of an experiment then it is called deterministic experiment.
• If we cannot predict the exact outcome of an experiment then it is called random experiment.
• Sample space S for a random experiment is the set of all possible outcomes of a random experiment.
• An event is a particular outcome or combination of outcomes of an experiment.
• Empirical probability states that probability of an outcome is close to the percentage of occurrence of the outcome.
• If the likelyhood of happening of two events are same then they are known as equally likely events.
• If two events cannot occur simultaneously in single trial then they are said to be mutually exclusive events.
• Two events E and E′ are said to be complementary events if P (E ) + P (E′) = 1 .
• An event which is sure to happen is called certain or sure event. The probability of a sure event is always one.
• An event which never happen is called impossible event. The probability of an impossible event is always zero.
Probability
Answers:
Exercise 9.1
1. 1/7
2. 3/13
3. 1/2
4.(i) 5/24 (ii) 1/8 (iii) 2/3
5. 1/4
6.(i) 0 (ii) 1/12 (iii) 1
7. 1/280
8. 1/5
9. 3/4
Exercise 9.2
1. 0.9975
2. 209/400
3.
15/8
4. 0.28
5.(i) 1/6 (ii) 43/75 (iii) 1/75
Exercise 9.3
1. (4) 2. (2) 3. (1) 4. (4) 5. (1) 6. (4) 7. (4) 8. (4) 9. (1) 10. (2)
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