Monkeypox
Monkeypox can cause infection in humans and produce a disease
similar to smallpox. This virus was first isolated in 1958 from captive monkeys
in Copenhagen. First human infection with this virus was described in the early
1970s.
Cases of monkeypox have been described as a rare zoonotic infection
in West and Central Africa, especially in Zaire. The subsequent cases of
monkeypox were reported in North America in 2003. The origin of the infection
was traced to exotic rodents imported from Africa. Monkeypox infection is
acquired by handling infected animals, such as monkeys and squirrels.
Person-to-person transmission is unusual.
Clinically, monkeypox cannot be distinguished from smallpox. The
condition manifests with development of a generalized pustule, rash, fever, and
toxemia. Electron micros-copy is useful to demonstrate the virion particles in
clinical spec-imens for diagnosis of the condition.
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