Management Process

Management Process

The substance of management should be identified as a process. A process is something that what a person does in the context of his individual duties and responsibilities assigned by his or her immediate higher authority.

A process also implies ongoing and unceasing cyclical operations. In management there is planning-action-control cycle. Defining the concept must incorporate this management cycle. A process indicates the dynamic nature of management.

It also implies that change is a constant reality of organisational life and management is the management of change. Lastly, management is regarded as a social process because it is directly concerned with management of human resources in order to secure cooperation and teamwork from the people in their performance.

There are twin purposes of the management process:

(1) Maximum productivity or profitability and

(2) Maximum human welfare and satisfaction.

There are five parts of management as a process: first, the co-ordination of resources; second, the performance of managerial functions as a means of achieving co-ordination; the third, establishing the objective or purpose of management process, i.e., it must be purposeful managerial activity; the fourth aspect is that management is a social process, and the fifth is its cyclical nature.

1. Management is Co-Ordination:

The manager of an enterprise must effectively coordinate all activities and resources of the organisation, namely, men, machines, materials and money the four M‘s of management.

2. Management is a Process:

The manager achieves proper co-ordination of resources by means of the managerial functions of planning, organising, staffing, directing (or leading and motivating) and controlling.

3. Management is a Purposive Process:

It is directed toward the achievement of predetermined goals or objectives. Without an objective, we have no destination to reach or a path to follow to arrive at our destination, i.e., a goal, both management and organisation must be purposive or goal-oriented.

4. Management is a Social Process:

It is the art of getting things done through other people.

5. Management is a Cyclical Process:

It represents planning-action-control-re-planning cycle, i.e., an ongoing process to attain the planned goals