General Concepts and
Definitions
·
Strength The
ability to sustain load.
·
Stiffness Push
per move; the ratio of deformation to associated load level.
·
Stability The
ability of a structure to maintain position and geometry. Instability involves
collapse that is not initiated by material failure. External stability concerns
the ability of a structure's supports to keep the structure in place; internal
stability concerns a structure's ability to maintain its shape.
·
Ductility The
amount of inelastic deformation before failure, often expressed relative to
the amount of elastic deformation.
Strength Material
strength is measured by a stress level at which there is a permanent and significant
change in the material's load carrying ability. For example, the yield stress,
or the ultimate stress.
Stiffness Material
stiffness is most commonly expressed in terms of the modulus of elasticity:
the ratio of stress to strain in the linear elastic range of material behavior.
Stability As
it is most commonly defined, the concept of stability applies to structural elements
and systems, but does not apply to materials, since instability is defined as a
loss of load carrying ability that is not initiated by material failure.
Ductility Material
ductility can be measured by the amount of inelastic strain before failure compared
to the amount of elastic strain. It is commonly expressed as a ratio of the
maximum strain at failure divided by the yield strain.
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