Economic Analysis

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS:

Economic analysis occupies the first place in the financial analysis top down approach. When the economy is having sustainable growth, then the industry group (Sectors) and companies will get benefit and grow faster. The analysis of macroeconomic environment is essential to understand the behavior of the stock prices. The commonly analysed macro economic factors are as follows.

Gross domestic product (GDP): GDP indicates the rate of growth of the economy. GDP represents the value of all the goods and services produced by a country in one year. The higher the growth rate is more favourable to the share market.

Savings and investment: The economic growth results in substantial amount of domestic savings. Stock market is a channel through which the savings of the investors are made available to the industries. The savings and investment pattern of the public affect stock market.

Inflation: Along with the growth of GDP, if the inflation rate also increases, then the real rate of growth would be very little. The decreasing inflation is good for corporate sector. Interest rates: The interest rate affects the cost of financing to the firms. A decrease in interest rate implies lower cost of finance for firms and more profitability.

Budget: Budget is the annual financial statement of the government, which deals with expected revenues and expenditures. A deficit budget may lead to high rate of inflation and adversely affect the cost of production. Surplus budget may result in deflation. Hence, balanced budget is highly favourable to the stock market.

The tax structure: The tax structure which provides incentives for savings and investments. The balance of payment: The balance of payment is the systematic record of all money transfer between India and the rest of the world. The difference between receipts and payments may be surplus or deficit. If the deficit increases, the rupee may depreciate against other currencies. This would affect the industries, which are dealing with foreign exchange.

Monsoon and agriculture: India is primarily an agricultural country. The importance of agricultural in Indian economy is evident. Agriculture is directly and indirectly linked with the industries. For example, Sugar, Textile and Food processing industries depend upon agriculture for raw material. Fertilizer and Tractor industries are supplying input to the agriculture. A good monsoon leads better harvesting; this in turn improves the performance of Indian economy.

Infrastructure: Infrastructure facilities are essential for growth of Industrial and agricultural sector. Infrastructure facilities include transport, energy, banking and communication. In India even though Infrastructure facilities have been developed, still they are not adequate.

Demographic factors: The demographic data provides details about the population by age, occupation, literacy and geographic location. This is needed to forecast the demand for the consumer goods.

Political stability: A stable political system would also be necessary for a good performance of the economy. Political uncertainties and adverse change in government policy affect the industrial growth.