Social Science : Geography
BIOSPHERE
VII. Answer the
following in a paragraph:
1. Explain the various components
of ecosystem
Components of
ecosystem
Because
• Abiotic components
• Biotic components
• Energy component
Abiotic components
• The components include the non-living, inorganic, Physical and
chemical factors in the environment are "Abiotic Component" Ex. Land,
Air, Water, Calcium, Iron.
Biotic components
• The components include plants, animals and micro organisms are
’’Biotic components"
• Producers – Autotrophs
are self nourishing components.
• Primary Consumers
Herbivores - Ex. Zebra, Goat
Secondary Consumers
- Camicores
• Teritary Consumers
- Top carnivores
• Decomposers -
Saprotrophs (live on died and decaying plants and animals)
• Energy components:
- The sun is the ultimate source of energy for the biosphere as a while.
All the organisms use energy to work and convent are form of
energy in to another.
2. Write a paragraph on the
functions of an ecosystem.
Functions of an
ecosystem
• The functioning of an ecosystem depends on the pattern of the
energy flow. The living Organisms form and interacting set of flora and fauna
which are organised into
• Trophic Levels
• Food Chains
• Food webs.
Trophic Levels
• Energy flow generally takes place in a hierarchical order
through various levels. These are "Trophic Levels".
Food Chains
• Through various trophic levels the chain of transformation of
energy from one group of organisms to another is called, a 'Food Chain'.
Food Web
• A system of interlocking and interdependent food chains is
called a "Food Web".
(Trophic level → Food Chain → Food Web)
3. Explain about the aquatic
biomes on earth.
Aquatic Biomes
• A group of living organisms that live and interest with one
another and its aquatic environment for nutrients and shelter is an"Aquatic Biomes”.
• Aquatic biomes are influenced by a series of a biotic factors.
• There are two classification i) Fresh water Biomes, ii) Marine Biomes
Fresh water Biomes
• This comprises Lakes, Ponds, rivers, streams and wetlands.
• Common plants found :
Lily, Lotus, duck weeds
• Common animals found:
Trout, Salmon, turtles, Crocodiles
Marine Biomes
• Marine Biomes, the largest biomes on earth, are continuous
bodies of salt water and provide a wide range of habitats for marine plants and
animals.
• Coral reefs are a second kind of marine biomes.
• Plants such as kelp, algae, Phytoplankton grow in water.
• Humans use aquatic biomes for water, food and leisure
activities. Some of the threats and issues : Overfishing, Pollution, rise in
the Sea level.
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