Child and family psychiatry
Prevalence
· The prevalence of child and
adolescent mental health problems is similar across many Western countries
(714–20%).
· 750% of those meeting symptom
requirements for a diagnosis are also experiencing significant functional
impairment.
· As a consequence at any one time
around 10% of children and adolescents are suffering from a clinically
significant diagnosable mental health disorder (based on ICD-10 diagnostic criteria).1
· Mental disorders are more common
in boys than girls (11% compared with 8%), and in teens compared with preteens
5–10yr olds—10% boys, 6% girls; 11–15yr olds—13% boys, 10% girls).1
· <20% children with mental
health difficulties actually receive specialist care and most remain
undiagnosed.
· Applying the disability-adjusted
life year (DALY) methodology, the burden of neuropsychiatric conditions
affecting children is predicted to double by the year 2020.2 The
then US Surgeon General, David Satcher, summarized in 2001, ‘the burden of
suffering experienced by children with mental health needs and their families
has created a health crisis in this country’.3
· Anybody can suffer from a mental
health problem. However, adverse mental health is more commonly experienced by
individuals from deprived or abusive backgrounds, from families that are
financially disadvantaged or emotionally troubled. Single parent families and
members of ethnic minority groups are over represented. These groups may also
experience specific barriers to accessing child and adolescent mental health
services that are predominantly clinic- or hospital-based.
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