Turbines
in action
Introduction
Most
of the electrical generators are powered by turbines. Turbines are the
primemovers of civilisation. Steam and Gas turbines share in the electrical
power generation is about 75%. About 20% of power is generated by hydraulic
turbines and hence thier importance. Rest of 5% only is by other means of
generation.
Hydraulic
power depends on renewable source and hence is ever lasting. It is also non
polluting in terms of non generation of carbon dioxide.
Turbines
in action
Broadly speaking, we divide turbines into four
kinds according to the type of fluid that drives them: water, wind, steam, and
gas. Although all four types work in essentially the same way- spinning
around as the fluid moves against them-they are
subtly different and have to be engineered in very different ways. Steam
turbines, for example, turn incredibly quickly because steam is produced under
high-pressure. Wind turbines that make electricity turn relatively slowly
(mainly for safety reasons), so they need to be huge to capture decent amounts
of energy. Gas turbines need to be made from specially resilient alloys because
they work at such high temperatures. Water turbines are often very big because
they have to extract energy from an entire river, dammed and diverted to flow
past them.
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