Summary of Mughal Empire

SUMMARY

The three battles Babar fought to establish Mughal dynastic rule is described.

Humayun’s difficulties because of his brothers and hostility of Afghans and Bahadur Shah of Gujarat leading to the rise of Sur dynasty are explained.

Rise of Sher Shah and his revenue and fiscal measures are highlighted

Akbar’s mansabdari system and inclusive religious policy as well as consolidation of Mughal rule through military conquests, notably the second Battle of Panipat, are dealt with.

Jahangir’s lack of interest in governance and Nur Jahan functioning as defacto ruler are discussed.

The arrival of European trading companies and the trade centres established in Mughal India are detailed.

Shah Jahan’s Taj Mahal, epitome of Mughal architecture, and the war of succession fought among his three sons are elaborated.

The constant wars between Mughals led by Aurangzeb and Marathas represented by Shivaji along with Aurangzeb’s Rajput and Deccan policies are related.

The salient features of Mughal society with special reference to the evolution of a composite culture in India are examined, exploring the developments in socio-economic and cultural spheres of life.