Summary, Glossary

SUMMARY

• Capitalistic countries’ ever growing demand for markets and raw materials leading to scramble for colonies and the resultant clashes amongst great powers in Europe are discussed.

• Rise of Japan as an Imperial Power in Asia is highlighted

• Division of Europe into two warring camps and the resultant alliances and counter-alliances are detailed.

• Important factors responsible for the outbreak of World War I such as growth of violent forms of Nationalism, aggressive attitude of Germany, France’s hostility towards Germany for the loss of its territories, Alsace and Lorrain, power politics in Balkans are explained.

• America’s entry into the War in the context of launch of submarine battles by Germany and the decisive victory won by the Allies are outlined.

• Paris Peace Conference and the provisions of Versailles Treaty are analysed.

• Fallout of the First World War, with focus on Russian Revolution causes, course and impact are elaborated.

• First world peace organisation the League of Nations and its role in preventing wars and promoting peace are critically examined.

GLOSSARY

monopoly: exclusive possession or control முற்றுரிமை

devastating: highly destructive or damage பேரழிவு

jingoism: blind patriotism, especially in the pursuit of aggressive foreign policy கண்மூடித்தனமான நாட்டுப்ற்று

chauvinism: extreme patriotism அதிதீவிரப்ற்று

kultur: thinking highly of German civilization and culture ஜெர்மனியக் கலாச்சரத்தை மிக உயர்வக நினைப்து

repulse: drive back எதிரியை விரட்டிஅடித்தல்

torpedo: attack or sink (a ship) with a torpedo மூழ்டி

bourgeois: characteristic of the middle class, typically with reference to its perceived materialistic values or conventional முததலாளிததுவம்

intelligentsia: attitudes intellectuals or highly educated people as a group, especially when regarded as possessing culture and political influence அறிவுஜீவிகள், நுண்ணறிவாளர்ள்