ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCE
I. Choose the correct
answer:
1.
All the factors of biosphere which affect the ability of organisms to survive
and reproduce are called as ――― .
(a)
biological factors
(b)
abiotic factors
(c)
biotic factors
(d)
physical factors
[Answer: (c) biotic factors]
2.
The ice sheets from the north and south poles and the icecaps on the mountains,
get converted into water vapour through the process of ――― .
(a)
evaporation
(b)
condensation
(c)
sublimation
(d)
infiltration
[Answer: (c) sublimation]
3.
The atmospheric carbon dioxide enters into the plants through the process of ―――
.
(a)
photosynthesis
(b)
assimilation
(c)
respiration
(d)
decomposition
[ Answer: (a) photosynthesis]
4.
Increased amount of ――― in the atmosphere, results in greenhouse
effect and global warming.
(a)
carbon monoxide
(b)
sulphur dioxide
(c)
nitrogen dioxide
(d)
carbon dioxide
[Answer: (d) carbon dioxide]
II.
Match the following:
1.
Microorganism
- Role played
Nitrosomonas - Nitrogen
fixation
Azotobacter - Ammonification
Pseudomonas
species - Nitrification
Putrefying
bacteria - Denitrification
Answer:
Microorganism - Role played
Nitrosomonas - Nitrification
Azotobacter - Nitrogen
fixation
Pseudomonas species - Denitrification
Putrefying bacteria - Ammonification
III. State whether true or false. If false, correct the
statement :
1. Nitrogen
is a greenhouse gas.
Answer: False.
Correct statement: Carbon
dioxide is a greenhouse gas.
2. Poorly
developed root is an adaptation of mesophytes.
Answer: False.
Correct statement: Poorly developed root is an
adaptation of Hydrophtes.
3. Bats are
the only mammals that can fly.
Answer: True.
4. Earthworms
use the remarkable high frequency system called echoes.
Answer: False.
Correct statement: Bats
use the remarkable high frequency system called echoes.
5. Aestivation
is an adaptation to overcome cold condition.
Answer: False.
Correct statement: Aestivation is an adaptation to
overcome dry condition.
IV. Give reason for
the following.
1. Roots grow very deep and reach
the layers where water is available. Which type of plants develop the above
adaptation? Why?
Anwser: Xerophytes
have well developed roots.
Reason: They
grow in dry habitat where water is scarcely available.
2. Why streamlined bodies and
presence of setae is considered as adaptations of earthworm?
Anwser:
1.
Streamlined bodies of earthworm
helps to live in narrow burrows underground and for easy penetration into the
soil.
2.
Setae helps earthworm to move
through the soil and provide anchor in the burrows.
3. Why is it impossible for all
farmers to construct farm ponds in their fields?
Anwser:
1.
Farm ponds reduce water flow to other tanks and ponds situated in lower-lying
areas.
2. Ponds occupy a large portion of farmer's lands.
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