One Mark Questions Answers

WORLD OF MICROBES

TEXT BOOK EXERCISES

I. Choose the correct answer :

1. Which of the following is transmitted through air?

(a) Tuberculosis

(b) Meningitis

(c) Typhoid

(d) Cholera

[Answer: (a) Tuberculosis]

2. One of the means of indirect transmission of a disease is

(a) sneezing

(b) coughing

(c) vectors

(d) droplet infection

[Answer: (c) vectors]

3. Diphtheria affects the

(a) lungs

(b) throat

(c) blood

(d) liver

[Answer: (b) throat]

4. The primary organ infected during tuberculosis is

(a) bone marrow

(b) intestine

(c) spleen

(d) lungs

[Answer: (d) lungs]

5. Microbes that generally enter the body through nose are likely to affect

(a) gut

(b) lungs

(c) liver

(d) lymph nodes

[Answer: (b) lungs]

6. The organ affected by jaundice is

(a) liver

(b) lungs

(c) kidney

(d) brain

[Answer: (a) liver]

7. Poliomyelitis virus enters the body through

(a) skin

(b) mouth and nose

(c) ears

(d) eye

[Answer: (b) mouth and nose]

II. Fill in the blanks :

1. Decomposers break down organic matter and animal waste into ammonia.

2. Typhoid fever is caused by salmonella typhi .

3. H1N1 virus causes swine flu .

4. Aedes aegypti mosquito is a vector of viral disease dengue.

5. BCG vaccine gives considerable protection against tuberculosis.

6. Cholera is caused by bacteria (vibrio cholera) and malaria is caused by protozoa (plasmodium).

III. Expand the following :

1. ORS - Oral Rehydration Solution.

2. HIV - Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

3. DPT - Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus.

4. WHO - World Health Organisation.

5. BCG - Bacillus Calmette Guerin.

IV. Pick out the odd one :

1. AIDS, Retrovirus, Lymphocytes, BCG, - BCG.

2. Bacterial disease, Rabies, Cholera, Common cold and Influenza - Cholera.

V. State whether true or false. If false, correct the statement:

1. Rhizobium, associated with root nodules of leguminous plants fixes atmospheric nitrogen.

Answer: True.

2. Non-infectious diseases remain confined to the person who develops the disease and do not spread to others.

Answer: True.

3. The process of vaccination was developed by Jenner.

Answer: True.

4. Hepatitis B is more dangerous than Hepatitis A.

Answer: True.

VI. Match the following :

Swine flu - Human Papilloma virus

Genital warts - Human Immunodeficiency Virus

AIDS - Mycobacterium

Tuberculosis - Influeuza virus H1N1

Answer:

Swine flu - Influeuza virus H1N1

Genital warts - Human Papilloma virus

AIDS - Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Tuberculosis - Mycobacterium

VII. Define the following :

1. Pathogen - A pathogen is a biological agent that causes disease due to its host E.g. Bacteria, Virus, etc.,

2. Bacteriophages - Virus that infect bacterial cells E.g. T4 bacteriophage.

3. Vaccines - Preparation of antigenic proteins of pathogens (weakened or killed) which on inoculation into a healthy person provides temporary / permanent immunity against a particular disease.

4. Prions - Prions are viral particles which contain only proteins. They do not contain nucleic acid.