Limit State Design Of Footing

Limit State Design Of Footing

Introduction:

Most of the structures built by us are made of reinforced concrete. Here, the part of the structure above ground level is called as the superstructure, where the part of the structure below the ground level is called as the substructure. Footings are located below the ground level and are also referred as foundations. Foundation is that part of the structure which is in direct contact with soil. The R.C. structures consist of various structural components which act together to resist the applied loads and transfer them safely to soil. In general the loads applied on slabs in buildings are transferred to soil through beams, columns and footings. Footings are that part of the structure which are generally located below ground Level. They are also referred as foundations. Footings transfer the vertical loads, Horizontal loads, Moments, and other forces to the soil.

The important purpose of foundation are as follows;

1.  To transfer forces from superstructure to firm soil below.

2.  To distribute stresses evenly on foundation soil such that foundation soil neither fails nor experiences excessive settlement.

3.  To develop an anchor for stability against overturning.

4.  To provide an even surface for smooth construction of superstructure.

Due to the loads and soil pressure, footings develop Bending moments and Shear forces. Calculations are made as per the guidelines suggested in IS 456 2000 to resist the internal forces.