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Chapter: Civil : Highway Planning and Alignment : Highway Construction Materials And Practice

Highway Construction: Soil Types

Highway Construction: Soil Types
The wide range of soil types available as highway construction materials have made it obligatory on the part of the highway engineer to identify and classify different soils.


Soil Types

 

The wide range of soil types available as highway construction materials have made it obligatory on the part of the highway engineer to identify and classify different soils. A survey of locally available materials and soil types conducted in India revealed wide variety of soil types, gravel, moorum and naturally occurring soft aggregates, which can be used in road construction. Broadly, the soil types ca n be cat egorized as Laterite soil,

Moorum / red soil, Desert sands, Alluvial soil, Clay including Black cotton soil.


Indian standard  grain  size soil  classification system

 

Gravel: These are coarse materials with particle size under 2.36 mm with little or no fines contributing to cohesion of materials.

 

Moorum: These are products of decomposition and weathering of the pavement rock. Visually these are similar to gravel except presence of higher content of fines.

 

Silts: These are finer than sand, brighter in color as compared to clay, and exhibit little cohesion. When a lump of silty soil mixed with water, alternately squeezed and tapped a shiny surface makes its appearance, thus dilatancy is a specific property of such soil.

 

 

Clays: These are finer than silts. Clayey soils exhibit stickiness, high strength when dry, and show no dilatancy. Black cotton soil and other expansive clays exhibit swelling and shrinkage properties. Paste of clay with water when rubbed in between fingers leaves stain, which is not observed for silts.

 

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Civil : Highway Planning and Alignment : Highway Construction Materials And Practice : Highway Construction: Soil Types |


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