Fire Protecion

FIRE PROTECION

No building material is perfectly fire proof.

A wider interpretation of the fire safety may be deemed to cover the following aspects Fire prevention and reduction of number of out breaks of Fire  .

Spread of   fire   both   internally  and externally Safe existence of any and all occupants in the event of an out breaks of fire.

Fire load

Fire load is the amount of heat in kilocalories which is liberated per square meter of floor area of any combustible parts of the building itself

The fire load is determined by multiplying the weight of all combustible materials by their calorific value and dividing the floor area under consideration

Grading of building according to fire resistance

The national building code of India (sp:7-1970) divides building in to the following four types

according to the fire load the building is designed to resist

Type 1 construction all structural components have 4 hours fire resistance

Type 2 construction all structural components have 3 fire resistance

Type 3construction all structural components have  2 hours fire resistance

Type 4 construction all structural components have 1  hour fire resistance

General fire safety requirements for buildings

All building and particularly building having more than one storey shall be provided with liberally designed and safe fire proof existence

The exist shall be so placed that they are always immediately accessible and each is capable of taking all the persons on that floor a s alternative escape route

Escape route shall be well ventilated as persons using the escapes are likely to over come from smoke

Fire proof door shall conform rigidly to the fire safety requirements

Electrical and mechanical lifts while reliable undr normal condition may not always be relied on escape purpose

Lift shafts and stairways invariably serve as flues are tunnels thus increasing the fire by increased draught

Floors are required to withstand the effect of fire for full period stated for the particular grading